3m “Profile of an Innovating Company free essay sample

3M â€Å"Profile of an Innovating Company† The 3M case traces the history of this Minnesota-based company from its inception in 1902 through 1992. By looking at the tenure of three CEOs, the case examines how 3M worked to maintain a culture of innovation while continuing to grow into an international multibillion dollar organization. While the organization’s values are critical to the success of 3M, internal and external forces also forced 3M to adjust their business model. William McKnight, the founding CEO, embedded a strong organizational culture into 3M. He instilled the values of entrepreneurship, research and experimentation into every employee. His goal was to create a climate that â€Å"stimulates ordinary people to do great things. † As 3M grew into a billion dollar business they continued to maintain their core values of innovation, marketplace responsiveness and entrepreneurship. Employees at 3M were encouraged to work on their own projects with a corporate-wide policy that promoted work on personal projects for up to 15% of a researcher’s time. We will write a custom essay sample on 3m â€Å"Profile of an Innovating Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Individual persistence was recognized and people were encouraged to pursue their own ideas and to take risks. Management supported â€Å"unintentioned failure† and was known to support projects that did not necessarily show market viability. Often times, these projects found future niche markets or applications that were never thought of by the inventor. 3M was a â€Å"market-oriented technology based company. † It was built around the idea of adapting current technology platforms to meet the different needs of consumers. 3M looked both externally at niche market needs and internally at ways to apply new market opportunities to existing technology. They capitalized on their technology through informal and formal knowledge sharing processes. They held technology conferences, organized technology boards and promoted sharing through other communities of practice. It was the norm to ask for scientists to discuss their work and ask for advice or suggestions. The organizational structure under McKnight was a â€Å"grow and divide† concept, where management expected units to grow organically. Successful products were continually made into new divisions, which in turn became new groups. In 1977 McKnight passed away and his successor Lou Leher took over. Internal and external changes forced management to look at how 3M could continue to be profitable in the future. The growth and spin off process left by McKnight made it challenging for 3M to control their businesses. As a result of entrepreneurship and diversification, business spin-offs had created a fragmented organization. Leher created a new business structure that promoted the consolidation of divisions to share resources and integrate processes. He also standardized the strategic planning and funding process. Used to an informal planning process based on perception and measured against their own metrics,† a formal planning system was a shock to the organization. RD funding, which was typically allocated at the discretion of the manager, was now more formalized. Although funding was more focused, they still provided an opportunity for funding additional products. Lehr began to formalize the processes of 3 M. The organization, valuing entrepreneurship and innovation, became hard to control and was leading to decreased profitability of the company. The final tenure followed is that of Jake Jacobson, a bottom line CEO who came in to cut costs and increase profitability. He changed the focus of 3M from niche premium markets to low cost markets. His changes promoted the use of cross functional teams and quicker time to market. To move products more quickly to market, the company adopted a more disciplined approach to selecting projects. Projects that did not show promise up front would not be funded, as typically done in the past. Managers began to feel that innovation was being stifled and the balance between entrepreneurial spirit and team work was lost.

5 ways to stand out when you’re applying for competitive jobs

5 ways to stand out when you’re applying for competitive jobs We all know the market is competitive. Any job you apply for is probably receiving a minimum of 100 applications- with some getting up to the thousands. But someone has to get every job, right? People do make it through to the next levels of the hiring process, even in crowded, qualified fields of applicants. You have to assume the majority of job seekers you’re competing with are on the ball- their resumes are spotless and their experience and skill base matches or exceeds the job requirements. So how can you stand out as the best person for the job amidst all the house? Use some of these more targeted strategies to help elevate your application package.1. Make your purpose clear and direct.The most impressive (or at least the most attractive) candidates tend to be the ones that project a kind of professional purpose. These candidates have taken the time and effort to figure out what it is they want to do, and why, and how to reach their goals. Recruiters find it very easy to match these candidates into their companies, because it’s clear if they’ll be a fit. Make sure you can articulate the talents that make you a good match and place them prominently in your cover letter, resume, and other application materials. Know yourself and make that sing.2. Don’t hold back- sell yourself.It’s not enough to just know what drives you. You have to share that vision, enthusiastically, even if you’re shy and not prone to bragging. Put together a short pitch that summarizes why you, and only you, are the best person for the job. Once you have this down, you can use it at many points during your job search. Turn it into an elevator pitch for networking. Emphasize it in your interview. Build it into your social media presence. Make your sales pitch a part of how you present to the world while job seeking, both in person and on paper.3. Sanitize your social media.You could have the greatest application in the world, but if your social media profiles are inappropriate or controversial or just childish, a recruiter is going to toss your file in the trash. Make sure to Google yourself and scour your net presence until it’s every bit as polished and professional as you hope to present yourself to the world.4. Make your professional info a click away.There are some fancy trends out there, and you better believe the competition will be keeping up with them. If you’re up for it, try building a personal website to give a sense of your personal branding. Include the link in your resume, and include your resume on your website. A website can also (stylishly!) convey all the context you didn’t have room to include on your resume. Use this extra space to your advantage!5. Network to build a group of reliable referrals.Sadly, sometimes it really does come down to who you know. Make sure you’re constantly out there networking and making inquiries. Finding inroads to companies you want to work for to make contacts and seek mentors. You never now when someone you meet at a cocktail party or a lecture is going to be the one to pass your resume to a decision maker.

INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING Speech or Presentation

INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING - Speech or Presentation Example For example, the cost of sales amount represents the total amount of cost that was incurred or during the same accounting period as when the sales output was made. The purpose is to ensure that the gross profit and the net profit are generated from deducting the same period costs and expenses to the same period revenues (Dyson, 2010). Relevance concept states that all data gathered and presented must be relevant to the decision making process (Noreen, 2008). If the manager plans to set up a branch in Scotland, the manager needs relevant data from Scotland, not from China (Dyson, 2010). Additionally, the raw materials information is relevant to the management’s decision as to replacing the current raw materials with higher quality raw materials (Weetman, 2006). The move is set to increase the customers’ demand for the company’s products and services. Reliability concept states that some misstatements of the company’s financial report accounts may reduce the readers’ reliability on the financial reports (Dyson, 2010). For a report to be reliable or trustworthy, companies are required to have an independent or external auditor submit a report as the trueness of the financial reports presented to interested parties (Verzuh, 2005). On the other hand, the amount paid is recorded as a debit to taxes or licenses or business permits. The company will also record the credit to cash for the year 2012. Consequently, the amount paid increases the expenses shown in the income statement. Similarly, the balance sheet will show a deduction amounting to  £4,800 and another  £4,800 for the entire 2012 annual accounting period ending December 31 2007 (Drury, 2006). The company should record a debit to accounts receivable. The account title represents the amount that the customer promises to pay at an agreed future time. Similarly, the company will record a sales amount in the sales or revenue section of the client’s financial statements (Dyson,

Jean-Paul Sartre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Jean-Paul Sartre - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the roots of Jean-Paul Sartre’s Existentialist-Marxist understandings are deeply embedded in the objects of freedom (analytically) and personal struggle (history/personal struggle).   It is not only impractical to separate Sartre from his time-period, it is impossible.   Dissolution of people’s identities both spiritually and historically was being realized through the tragedies of World War I and World War II.   Combining these significant destructions with new perspectives concerning Psychology (through Freud, Jung†¦), Philosophy found a seemingly different path explaining â€Å"who we are† and â€Å"what is our purpose† as humans.   Sartre was heavily influenced by literature and art and through this media suggested an approach to perceiving the world as it is; ugly, grotesque’, self-absorbed.   This movement towards a more realistic or negative view of life differed greatly from the â€Å"Hope† offered by Leibnitz, Aquinas and other ‘positivists’.   Accordingly, Sartre felt the backlash from â€Å"Hopeful-ists† resulting in Sartre’s â€Å"Existentialism Is a Humanism† lecture in Paris, France 1944. In â€Å"Existentialism Is a Humanism†, Sartre spells out what Existentialism actually is.   Sartre says there are two kinds of Existentialist â€Å"the Christians...and atheistic existentialists† the latter being the group Sartre belongs to.  Ã‚  ... Perhaps Sartre’ wished to embolden and/or disarm his Christian detractors by enlisting Gabriel Marcel as a co-conspirator since Marcel, a converted Catholic, first â€Å"endorsed but later repudiated† (SEP) the Existentialist label. Adding a supremely ironic twist is Sartre first repudiating then endorsing the label of ‘Existentialism’ himself (Sartre.org). Sartre may have been reading Kant and his â€Å"Utilitarianism† by including Christianity as a default proponent; by utility. Sartre suggests the commonness of existentialists is the belief that â€Å"existence precedes essence.† This idea is novel in the scheme of Philosophy. Greek thought or philosophy from Plato suggested a â€Å"Realm of Forms† as the perfection of anything conceivable in perfect form. The ‘thing’ observed had a ‘perfectness’ illustrated in the â€Å"Realm of Forms† above and beyond the common illusionary perception of a living hu man being (Plato 68). Sartre defined reality as production of each individual perceiver’s understanding or capabilities without a definite ‘template’ or guide about what may or may not be true of the ‘thing’ perceived. This is Sartre’s ‘Freedom’ supposition: â€Å"Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself† (Sartre 5). Here, Sartre follows closely in the footsteps of Spinoza by exacting ‘God’ from the realm of reality and describing a ‘natural’ or humanistic understanding of reality. Freedom, to Sartre, is not a political or societal extension; although it can be. Freedom is breaking the chains of bondage from â€Å"determinism† of perhaps, Calvinistic Christianity and allowing man the complete dominion of his or her own

Principles Of Auditing - Apple vs. Samsung Lawsuit Essay - 1

Principles Of Auditing - Apple vs. Samsung Lawsuit - Essay Example olen certain software and infringed patent as well as trademark while designing Galaxy line of mobile products (Chen, â€Å"Apple to Samsung: Stop Stealing Ideas†). Based on the above analysis, the essay tends to analyse the general story or the case of Apple vs. Samsung Lawsuit with respect to patent along with trademark infringement and stealing of certain software designs as well as features. The case relating to the lawsuit, which was filed by Apple, accusing Samsung to be involved in stealing its certain software and perpetrating trademark along with patent infringement, in the month of April’ 2011 and ended in the year 2013. Thus, with this concern, it can be asserted that the case has lasted for around 2 years and 8 months and at the end Apple was awarded with over $1 billion for the lawsuit filed against Samsung (Sandoval, â€Å"The ABCs of Apple v. Samsung†). One of the prime reasons or causes for Apple to file a court case not in favour of Samsung for stealing numerous chief iOS design elements and features that are utilised by the company at the time of making its Galaxy product line of tablets as well as smartphones. Apart from this, Apple claimed that Samsung has also stolen certain business ideas along with technologies of Apple while designing its iPad and iPhone product line. This is also a reason for Apple to file a lawsuit in opposition to Samsung in the year 2011, which lasted till the year 2013. However, on part of Samsung, it countersued Apple for the reason of violating a few of its patents or in precise being committed of patent infringement. Identifiably, both the two companies remained much concerned about what instructions the Judge will provide the jury relating to the lawsuit filed by both the companies against one another (Epstein, â€Å"These Are the 5 iOS Features Apple Claims Samsung Stole†; Sandoval,  "The ABCs of Apple v. Samsung†). After acquiring a brief idea about various causes or reasons of filing a lawsuit by Apple

Effects of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature: Experiment

Effects of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature: Experiment OBJECTIVE: To study the Air Flow effect on Temperature changes. To study the Heating Effect on Temperature changes. To study the Effect of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature changes. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effects of air flow or heating on temperature. An enclosed duct (Model LS17024) is used as assistance to complete our task. The reason of setting the entire component in enclosures is to prevent unnecessary problems during control design, air flow and effect of heating process. The enclosed duct is made up by several components which include fan, control panel, cooler section, observation door, condensing unit, and dry bulb thermocouple. Fan functions to provide air flow rate and there will be a controller installed on it in order to adjusting the spinning speed. Control panel was connected to that controller on fan as well as heater to control both variables air flow rate and the heating rate. Next, temperature is defining as one of the most important parameter because it represents the motion of particles. The air molecules gain more energy on average (move faster and bounce around more energetically) when the temperature increases as the result of high heating rate. In this experiment, the air flow and heating rate alter the temperature changes. Furthermore, heat transfer in three main ways: through radiation, conduction, and natural or forced convention. Heat transfer via radiation occurs through electromagnetic waves, an example being the sun’s energy reaching the earth with including emissivity and energy absorption. Besides that, heat can also be transferred through conduction between the inner surface and outer surface of an object. As long as it is conducted by heat energy, the heat will flow from hotter region to lower region. For example, there is only one end of iron rod being heated by candle, and sooner or later the other end of the rod will become warmer. This phenomenon is a common heat conduction example which explained the heat energy can transfer through particles in one object. Doesn’t like heat conduction, heat convection happened between particles in fluid and non-fluid. Just like we can feel the heat of the hot iron plate once we get near to it even no contact at all. It is because the parti cles in iron plate pass the heat energy to air molecules in surrounding and the air molecules carry out heat convection again from air molecules onto our sensor cells on our body. MATERIAL/APPARATUS: 1. An enclosed duct (Model LS17024) 2. Fan 3. Control panel 4. Cooler section 5. Observation door 6. Condensing unit 7. Dry bulb thermocouple EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: Control State of the Duct The apparatus main power supply was switched on. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby all readings on the instrument panel show no more changes. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. Part A: Air Flow Effect on Temperature The axial fan was switched on. The frequency was set to 5.0Hz by adjusting the frequency inverter. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby there were no more changes in duct temperature. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. All the above steps were repeated with frequency of 30.0Hz. The readings were recorded down in the Table 1 for different air flow rates 5.0Hz and 30.0Hz by adjusting fan frequency. Part B: Heating Effect on Temperature The heater was switched on and the heating rate was set to 40.0Â °C. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby no observable changes in heater and duct temperature. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. All the above steps were repeated with heating rate of 60.0Â °C. The readings were recorded down in the Table 1 for different rates 40.0Â °C and 60.0Â °C. Part C: Effect of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature Heating rate of 31.0Â °C and a fan rate of 5.0Hz, and another set with heating rate of 31.0Â °C and fan rate of 30.0Hz were selected to study their combined effect. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby no observable changes in the duct temperature. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. RESULTS: DISCUSSION: The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of heating and air flow on temperature. The more kinetic energy inside an object particles cause vigorous collision which indicates that more heat been transferred from it. For sure it gives rise in temperature. Temperature is a parameter to measure the amount of thermal energy in one object based on the kinetic action between the particles. Air is made up of molecules that are constantly in motion. Once air is being warmed up, the molecules will gain energy to increase its mobility. The molecules will then collide to each other to cause effective collision. A higher temperature indicates more thermal motion between particles. So as return, a decrease in temperature will slow the movement of particles down. Fan frequency and heating rate are two factors that will alter the temperature changes. The faster the air flow rate, the more readily the surface cools as air forming a boundary layer is replaced and the temperature measured in the area is maintained low. Heat transfer in three main ways: through radiation, conduction, and natural or forced convention. Heat transfer via radiation occurs through electromagnetic waves, an example being the sun’s energy reaching the earth with including emissivity and energy absorption. Besides that, heat can also be transferred through conduction between the inner surface and outer surface of an object. As long as it is conducted by heat energy, the heat will flow from hotter region to lower region. For example, there is only one end of iron rod being heated by candle, and sooner or later the other end of the rod will become warmer. This phenomenon is a common heat conduction example which explained the heat energy can transfer through particles in one object. Doesn’t like heat conduction, heat convection happened between particles in fluid and non-fluid. Just like we can feel the heat of the hot iron plate once we get near to it even no contact at all. It is because the particles in iron plate pass the heat energy to air molecules in surrounding and the air molecules carry out heat convection again from air molecules onto our sensor cells on our body. One of the criteria for heat transfer to occur is temperature difference. As we all know, the heat will only transfer from hotter region to cooler region. According to First Law of Thermodynamic, the heat energy transferred from cooler place to hotter place is impossible. For convection, the rate of heat loss depends on the speed of ambient air flow above the surface. There will be an insulating boundary layer of warm air forming against the surface as the object surface heats the air around it. Moving air will destroy the boundary layer, letting the new cold air in and replace the original hot air. That is why the duct temperature is getting lower as the fan frequency goes higher. There are two types of convective heat transfer which are forced convection and natural convection. Forced convection was happened when there is external force existed for example Fan is considered as external force since it provides air flow. Forced convection can transfer faster heat rate compared to nat ural convection due to the stronger air flow rate which speed up the moving air that carries the heat energy. Furthermore, the temperature increases slowly for natural convection because heat energy is transferred in natural condition. At the early state of experiment, heater and fan were switched off so that we can observe the initial reading of all temperature gauges. The duct, heater and surrounding / ambient temperature were noted as 30.0 ËÅ ¡C, 30.0 ËÅ ¡C and 30.0ËÅ ¡C respectively. This set of data is the controlled set in this experiment. In part B experiment, the fan frequency was initially set to 5Hz. The results came out for duct, ambient and heater temperature were 29.9 ËÅ ¡C, 29.9ËÅ ¡C, 30.0 ËÅ ¡C respectively. After this, we need to wait for the whole component to stabilize (cool down) before carry out next set of part A experiment. Next, the fan frequency was reset to 30Hz. The duct, ambient and heater temperature were recorded 29.8 ËÅ ¡C, 29.9 ËÅ ¡C and 30.0 ËÅ ¡C respectively. From the result, we can conclude that the duct temperature is getting low as we increase the fan frequency. This is fan has create a force convection with disrupt all the insulating boundary layer and allow the new and cooler air to come into enclosing duct. For part B experiment, the heating rate was initially set to 40 ËÅ ¡C. The duct and ambient temperature came out as 31.1 ËÅ ¡C and 30.1 ËÅ ¡C. After that we repeat the cooling down process as what we did in part B experiment for system stabilization, the heating rate was then reset to 60 ËÅ ¡C. The duct and ambient temperature were recorded as 35.5 ËÅ ¡C and 30.9 ËÅ ¡C .The readings prove that the duct temperature had rose compared to last set experiment. This is because the particles in air gained greater kinetic energy and collides with each other faster, causing an increase in temperature. In part C experiment, both fan and heater were involved. In first trial (first condition), we had the combination of 5Hz fan frequency and 31.0 ËÅ ¡C of heater temperature. The duct and ambient temperature came out as 31.0 ËÅ ¡C and 30.6 ËÅ ¡C. Again the system needed to be stabilized in order to get more accurate reading for next part. For second trial (second condition) we made the condition as 30Hz fan frequency and 31.0 ËÅ ¡C of heater temperature together. The duct and ambient temperature were recorded as 30.9 ËÅ ¡C and 30.6 ËÅ ¡C. The data proves that the duct temperature in second trial is higher than that in first trial. This is because the air flow has again destroyed the insulating boundary layer and the heating rate can’t counter with intruding of new cold air. In conclusion, there is few precaution steps need to be taken throughout the whole experiment. Firstly, the temperature should be adjusted from low temperature reading to high temperature reading so that the remained heat won’t affect the next coming set. Next, this experiment should be conducted in a closed room and located far away from heating or cooling system so that the temperature won’t be easily affected. CONCLUSION: The objective of the experiment which is to study the effects of heating and air flow on temperature was successfully determined. Air flow rate and heating rate are the main factors that affect the temperature. In this experiment, heat transferred by using convection. Fan was acting as forced convection which alters the velocity of moving air to disrupt the insulating boundary layer to allow the cool air to replace the original warm air. When heater was switched on, air is heated and expands. The molecules in warm gained greater kinetic energy and collide with each other faster, causing an increase in temperature. REFERENCES: Convection. (n.d). Retrieved March 20, 2014 from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/heatra.html Effects of Heat and Airflow inside an Enclosure. (n.d). Retrieved March 20, 2014 from http://www2.emersonprocess.com/siteadmincenter/PM%20DeltaV%20Documents/Whitepapers/WP_Heat_Airflow_Encl.pdf Jain,R. (n.d). Heat Transfer. Retrieved March 20, 2014 from http://www.budind.com/pdf/BasicsofEnclosureCoolingWhitePaper2.pdf

Nationalism In The Middle East Essay -- essays research papers

The study of international relations is very broad and complex. It is the study of nations and states and how they are formed. It is also the study of measures, such as revolutions and wars, that create different nations and states and the reasons behind such measures. One important concept in international relations is the view of nationalism. Nationalism is a part of every nation and state and thus is relevant to each country. An important geographical area where nationalism relates directly to the events occurring today would be in the Middle East where nationalistic views of two different nations, that of Jews and Arabs, coincide to create a very volatile conflict that has run its course for nearly a whole century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A â€Å"nation† is defined as a group with a common culture, language, folkways, and values. A â€Å"state† refers to a government in control of territory and population. For example, Israel is a state and a nation since it consists mainly of Jews. However, Palestine is a nation because it consists of Arabs with a common culture, but not a State, since the International community does not recognize it as one. Nationalism is the view that a nation and state in a specific area should coincide. It is the view that says that a specific group with a common culture should be allowed to form its own state and thus its own form of government to govern itself. Thus, nationalism is related to every country and so is very important in the study of International relations. The most damaging weakness in Nationalism is that Nationalism may cause a culture to consider itself superior to all other cultures. This in turn may be used as a justification to eliminate other groups. A prime example is that of Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. But, on the other hand, this superior attitude towards other cultures could cause severe tension between whoever is involved, and in turn cause the inferior country to lash out causing a conflict or in this case war. Thus, nationalism is one of the important causes of revolutions, borders, and wars even in the world today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An important geographical area where the affects and causes of nationalism can be seen with clarity is the Middle East. The history of the Middle East is long and very complex relating back to more than three thousand years. The main conflict in the area today... ...ontinuing problems between the two manifestations of nationalism of Arabs and Jews.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Palestine War of 1948 was not the only major conflict between the two nations in the Middle East. Since then, there has been the Six Day War of 1967, the October War of 1973, the Palestinian Uprising of 1967, and perhaps more recently going on at this very moment the newest surge of Palestinian uprising in Israel that began in September of 2000. There are still tough issues to resolve between the two sides, issues such as Jerusalem, which is holy to both Jews and Muslims. Since both nations want full sovereignty over the Holy City and nothing less, this has become an important issue in their nationalistic views. Violent conflicts over such continue to spill blood, both Jewish and Arab, and bring more fear and pain into the already desperate situation. These conflicts are a continuing reminder of how nationalism, in this case both Jewish and Arab, can cause revolutions, uprisings, and wars in order for the creation of states. It is a continuing reminder of how nationalism relates to international relations and its importance in each individual country in the world.

Impact of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Essay

Impact of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Impact of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Muhammad Ehsan Malik, Muhammad 1 2 Mudasar Ghafoor, 3Hafiz Kashif Iqbal, 4Qasim Ali, 4Hira Hunbal, 4Muhammad Noman and 4Bilal Ahmad 1Institute of Business Administration (IBA), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Dean Economics and Management Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2School of Business, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom 3School of Business and Economics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan 4Department of Business Administration, University of the Punjab Gujranwala Campus, Pakistan Submitted: Apr 27, 2013; Accepted: Jun 3, 2013; Published: Jun 20, 2013 Abstract: Brand image and advertisement play a crucial role to boost up any business performance as brand image is an implied tool which can positively change people’s buying behaviors and advertisement is behaving as a driving force for any business as it’s an effective source to convey your message and stay in customer’s mind. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of brand image and advertisement on consumer buying behavior in the general public at Gujranwala city. Questionnaire survey was used to collect the data by using non probability convenient sampling technique. A sample of 200 questionnaires was used in which 175 responses were collected within the period of one month. Findings show that brand image and advertisement have strong positive influence and significant relationship with Consumer buying behavior. People perceive the brand image with positive attitude. Study depicted that teenagers in Gujranwala are more conscious about their social status so they prefer branded products and advertisement affects their Consumer Buying Behavior positively. In the last of article limitations of research, implications and suggestions for further research also included. Key words: Brand image Advertisement Consumer Buying Behavior INTRODUCTION can build long term profitable relations with customers. People in our society are so conscious about their any business can positively affect the behaviors of status and they prefer to use branded products to show people regarding brand image, satisfaction and loyalty. off their status symbol. Brand is considered as implied At present time in global and emerging markets device through which any business can attain the business war is not only on price but customer attraction, attraction of people and can enjoy the competitive edge. loyalty and relationship matters a lot. Companies are so In our local scenario it also considered as a valuable asset conscious about their customer’s satisfaction. for any business as it can change peoples’ buying Advertisement plays a crucial role for any business to behavior. It can play a vital role to expand any business. boost up its performance graph as it is a powerful strategy Brand image development is a long term process and it to attract your customers toward your product. In can prove a strong weapon to fight with your competitors. Pakistan advertisement also becoming a driving force for Customers rely on branded products and mostly prefer to any business because it can force people to change their buy products with well known brand name. Marketing behavior regarding your product in positive sense. valuable strategies and tools can develop the brand of Advertisement is a dominant and leading weapon in all any product. If brand is managed in effective ways, a marketing tools due to its positive impact on consumers’ business can enjoy maximum number of customers and buying behavior. It’s an effective way to communicate Refine quality of products and social

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essays

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essays Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essay Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essay The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was the tomb of king Mausolus. Halicarnassus (Modern Bodrum, Turkey) was the capital of a small Mediterranean kingdom. In 377 B. C. , Hecatomnus of Mylasa, the ruler of this land, died and left control of the kingdom to his son, Mausolus. Mausolus’ reign lasted for 24 years. He loved and adored the Greek culture and founded several cities of Greek design along the coast. In 353 B. C. , Mausolus died, leaving his queen Artemisia broken hearted. She decided to build the most splendid tomb in the known world as a tribute to him. The tomb became so famous that Mausolus’s name is now associated with all stately tombs throughout the world as Mausoleum. It became one of the seven wonders of the ancient world because of its rich statuary and carvings in relief. Artemisia sent messengers to Greece to find the most talented sculptors; she decided that no expense was to be spared in building the tomb. The tomb was errected on a hill overlooking the city. The entire structure sat in the center of an enclosed courtyard on a stone platform. A staircase, flanked with stone lions, led to the top of this platform. There were many statues of gods and godesses along the outer wall of the courtyard. The tomb was guarded by stone warriors mounted on horseback at each corner stone. [pic] The tomb itself was at the center of the platform. The marble structure rose as a square, tapering block to about one-third of the Mausoleum’s 1140 feet height. This section was covered wit relief sculptures showing action scenes from Greek mythology. Thirty-six slim columns rose on top of this section for another third of the height. Between each column were more statues. A solid block behind the columns carried the weight of the tomb’s massive roof. [pic] Map showing the layout of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Artemisia died two years after Mausolus’s death. Both of them were buried in the yet unfinished tomb. The craftsmen took up the responsibility of completing the structure. The Mausoleum overlooked the city for several centuaries before it was damaged and destroyed by attacks from pirates, invaders and series of earthquakes. Very similar to this ancient wonder is the Taj mahal in India. TAJ MAHAL Like the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Taj was built in the memory of Shah Jahaan’s beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It was and still continues to be a symbol of eternal love. The Taj also is a marble structure standing on the banks of River Yamuna. It rises ona high sandstone base topped by four tappering minarets. The jewel-inlaid cenotaph of the queen lies within the dome. The design on the stucture is said to be so exquisite that the Taj has been described as â€Å" having been designed by giants and finished by jewellers† pic] STATUE OF ZEUS [pic] The statue of Zeus is located in Peloponnesus. The statue stands 40 feet high and is made of ivory and gold. Zeus is depicted sitting with olive wreath on his head, a sceptre (with an eagle sitting on it) in his left hand, and his messenger Nike in his right hand. The temple is built on a raised rectangular platform. Thirteen large columns support the r oof along the sides and six support it on each end. A gently peaked roof the topped the building, which was filled with sculpture. However, now the statue stands destroyed by numerous earthquakes and conquests. SHIVA STATUE AT MURUDESHWARA [pic] The Shiva statue at Murudeshawara is very similar to the statue of Zeus. However, in this case, the statue is outside the temple. The statue of Shiva measures 123 feet in height. The statue is constructed in such a way that it gets sun light and thus appears sparkling. The temple has the tallest gopura in the world too. It is 249 feet high and is called the Raja Gopura. There are other small statues surrounding the main Shiva statue. There is one depicting Ravan giving the atma-lingam to a Brahman. There are many statues of elephants (life size ), and the holy bull, Nandi. TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS [pic] The temple of Artemis was built in the honour of Artemis. It is 425 feet long and 225 feet wide. The foundation of the temple was rectangular in form, similar to most temples at the time. Unlike other sanctuaries, however, the building was made of marble, with a decorated facade overlooking a spacious courtyard. 127 columns, each of which is 60 feet high, support the roof. This temple was built and destroyed several times. The temple was built in such a way that one could see the other side through the temple; it was like a hollow structure. Thus, when the sun rose and set it felt as though it was happening inside the temple. PARTHENON [pic] The Parthenon was built for the Greek goddess, Athena. Structurally, it is very similar to the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. The Parthenon is a temple of the Doric order with eight columns at the facade, and seventeen columns at the flanks, conforming to the established ratio of 9:4. This ratio governed the vertical and horizontal proportions of the temple as well as many other relationships of the building like the spacing between the columns and their height. The Parthenon, in comparison with the temple of Artemis however, is only 100 feet wide, 230 feet long, and has 58 pillars. Ubud Hanging Gardens, Bali If Babylons ancient Hanging Gardens existed today, they could definitely look something like this. Perched around an Eden-like gorge are 38 serene villas, a soothing double-tiered pool, and a Hindu temple; youll need to take a funicular from reception to your suite, and most everywhere else (though a few hundred stairs will take you to the bottom of the valley if you are up to adventure. Each villa has its own private heated infinity pool, looking out over the verdant gardens of the valley and bordered by an outdoor terrace. There is step greenery and vegetation just like the supposedly floored gardens of Babylon. It is today one of the hottest tourist destinations in Bali. [pic] [pic]Bottom of Form The Lighthouse of Alexandria, Egypt. (Ancient wonder) [pic] One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Lighthouse of Alexandria was built in 200 BC on the small island of Pharos and was connected to the mainland by a massive causeway. Thought to have stood 492 feet high, it is considerably taller than any modern-day lighthouses. Though it has been lost in the pages of history and there is no concrete proof about whether it really existed or not, many claim you could see the light beacon from 35 miles away and that the structure had unique Roman features including a statue of Poseidon, a mirror that would reflect the sunlight, four statues of Triton on each corner and a church located at the top. Unfortunately, after years of destruction from earthquakes, the building collapsed in the 4th century, most probably due to an earthquake. The lighthouse served the purpose of warning the ships and showing them the way. At that time, it was an architectural marvel, indigenous and with a well-defined new idea. Lighthouse of Alexandria, Shenzhen, China. The Window of the World is a theme park located in the western part of the city of Shenzhen in the Peoples Republic of China. It has about 130 reproductions of some of the mo st famous tourist attractions in the world including an exact replica of the Lighthouse of Alexandria. Built by an eccentric businessman, it does or does not do justice to the original monument that has long been destroyed, is debatable. The monument though has been built to scale in comparison of the original Lighthouse of Alexandria. Due to the prevalence of other replicas of ancient wonders and modern wonders of the world, Window of the World is a major tourist hotspot of Shenzhen. [pic] The inspiration for the statue of liberty†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. the Colossus of Rhodes. How often do New Yorkers and other Americans gaze at the Statue of liberty with pride and amazement! Standing on a small island in the harbour, the statue is of a robed and crowned woman, holding a book in one hand and lifting a torch to the sky. The statue measures almost one-hundred and twenty feet from foot to crown. This awe-inspiring statue was a gift from France to America as a symbol of friendship. It is often referred to as â€Å"The modern colossus. † However what most people don’t know is that there stood an ancient statue in Rhodes named â€Å"The Colossus of Rhodes†; The original colossus. Like the Statue of Liberty, this colossus was also built as a celebration of freedom. This amazing statue, standing the same height from toe to head as the modern colossus, was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The statue was built sometime between 292-280 BC to celebrate the surprising victory of Rhodesians against many attackers. It was the statue of HELIUS The Sun God to The Rhodesians. The engineering of the colossus was done by a local sculptor named Harrays. First a wooden frame was made and then bronze plates of over 200 tons were put up surrounding it. This took about 12 years and innumerable labour to complete the construction. However in about 226 BC there was an earthquake in Rhodes that the statue couldn’t survive. On the other hand The Statue of Liberty was built around 2000 years later and still stands with pride looking over the sea. [pic] | | | | The inspiration for the pyramids of louvre- Paris.. The pyramids of Giza. The Great Pyramids were built between 2650-2500BC. It is said that they were a tomb of Pharaoh Khufu. They are located in Giza, Egypt. The largest pyramid is 756 feet long on each side and 450 feet high and is composed of 2,300,000 blocks of stone, each averaging 2 1/2 tons in weight. The sides are oriented to the four cardinal points of the compass and the length of each side at the base is 755 feet (230. 4 m). They rise at an angle of 51 52 to a height, originally, of 481 feet (147 m) but nowadays 451 feet (138 m). Despite the makers limited surveying tools, no side is more than 8 inches different in length than another, and the whole structure is perfectly oriented to the points of the compass. Even in the 19th century, it was the tallest building in the world and, at the age of 4,500 years, it is the only one of the famous Seven Wonders of the Ancient World that still stands. Even today it remains the most massive building on Earth. About 4000 years later, in 1989 The pyramid of Louvre museum was built by the renowned American architect I. M. Pei. This time a pyramid made up of crystal clear glass to allow the sunlight to come in on the underground floor. It is made up of rhombus shaped glass sheets fitted in a triangular shaped framework. The modern addition originally received mixed reviews, as it contrasts sharply with the classical design of the surrounding buildings of the museum of Louvre, but today it is generally accepted as a clever solution which has given the museum a spacious central entrance without the need to touch the historic patrimony. Surprisingly it too serves as an entrance to the museum like the pyramids of Giza serve as entrances to the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu. Hence because of the similarities one comes to believe that it was built by the inspiration by the pyramids of Giza.

Giles Corey Character Essay Essay Example

Giles Corey Character Essay Essay Example Giles Corey Character Essay Paper Giles Corey Character Essay Paper The Truly Honorable Person The Crucible, a play written by Arthur Miller, is a story that takes place around the Salem witch trials in 1692. The play mainly focuses around the Proctor family, John and Elizabeth Proctor are wrongfully accused of witchcraft Just like the rest of the town. Giles Corey is a local senior citizen and well known throughout the town, he mentions that his wife reads strange books and his wife gets accused even though she just reads. Giles Corey starts to realist the reasons for some of the accusations ND starts to accuse the accusers and Inform the Judges thats Its all a Ill to try to preserve peoples honor and Integrity. Giles character reflects a major question raised In the play: What does It take to be a truly honorable person? As Giles efforts to stay an honorable person and help keep other peoples honor, he Is willing to go to great lengths to keep his honor. In the second act, Proctors Is getting warned by Hale, vaulting as a friend not an official of the court, that his Wolfe name was brought up in court and that she might be arrested for witchcraft. Giles and Francis come in and tart to talk about how their wives of all people were arrested, and Giles is seems most concerned when he says, I never said my wife were a watch, Mr.. Hale: I only said she were reading books (71). This is when Giles first starts to worry about his honor and his wifes honor if the word gets out that she was arrested. : This is the beginning of Giles quest to stay an honorable person and possibly save many others honor. As honorable and self preserving as Giles Corey is, he is obviously going to stand up for his wife and talk to detonator about his wrongful arrest. His first reactions were of shock, now he is angry and is pleading to Judge Detonator, They be telling lies about my wife (85), then goes on to tell him that he didnt mean for her to be arrested when he said, inform Excellency, I only said she were reading books, sir, and they come and take her out of my house for (86). Giles is Distraught about his wife being arrested for possibly his words, he wants to do anything to get her out. Giles is trying to talk Detonator into some sense, she was Just reading books, reading doesnt instantly mean that she should be arrested. In act four, it is revealed what happened to Giles when he wanted to keep his honor and the honor of another instead of Just throwing it away when Detonator asks for someone name. In order to save his land he denied to answer to a question aye or nay, this is revealed when Elizabeth says, So he stand mute, and died Christian under law (135) and, Great Stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. They say he give them but two words, More Weight (135). Giles sacrifices himself by not answering aye or nay to Detonators question and was killed by stones laid upon is chest so that his land did not get sold and his sons could Inherit his land. Giles Corey Is truly an honorable person when It comes to his role In this story. The play was written during the time of McCarthy and The Red Scare, Its connected to these events because the Salem witch trials and salary to those events, people calling each other out because they didnt Like them. People Just get caught up In the moment and do things that are crazier than they think they are. Giles Corey Character Essay By D_Chutes she Just reads. Giles Corey starts to realist the reasons for some of the accusations ND starts to accuse the accusers and inform the Judges thats its all a lie to try to preserve peoples honor and integrity. Giles character reflects a major question raised in the play: What does it take to be a truly honorable person? As Giles efforts to stay an honorable person and help keep other peoples honor, he is willing to go to great lengths to keep his honor. In the second act, Proctors is getting warned by Hale, visiting as a friend not an official of the court, that his wifes name was brought up be arrested when he said, mirror Excellency, I only said she were reading books, sir, sent instantly mean that she should be arrested. Ender law (135) and, Great Stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. His chest so that his land did not get sold and his sons could inherit his land. Giles Corey is truly an honorable person when it comes to his role in this story. The play was written during the time of McCarthy and The Red Scare, its connected to these events because the Salem witch trials and similar to those events, people calling each other out because they didnt like them. People Just get caught up in the

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Management - Assignment Example Indirect export is one of the five market entry strategies that can be implied by businesses while implementing global strategies. In the indirect export strategy, there is a minimum amount of risk involved. On the other hand, the level of control of the market is also the least in this strategy. The market control is less due to the reason that products are being transferred abroad by other intermediaries (Levesque, 2004). In this strategy, the organisation does not get involved in any type of marketing. No type of marketing or any other activity is conducted in the strategy of indirect exporting. The sales in such a strategy are conducted as sales in a domestic market. Indirect exporting has the ability to invest in new markets and to do this they do not require any expertise or high amounts of investments. The strategy of indirect exporting is a common strategy initiated by organisations as a market entry strategy. If organisations become successful with the results of this strategy then they plan towards further agreements with the organisations of the host country (Terpstra and Sarathy, 2001). Indirect exporting is conducted via sales organisations that are domestically located. Domestic sales organisation is considered to be an easy method of managing sales in foreign markets. In this strategy, products can be bought and sold in the domestic market and it can be resold in the foreign market. The firm that is exporting the products needs to be in touch with the marketing activities of the foreign market so that they are able to increase the sales of their products at a constant note (Raff, Ryan, and Stahler, 2009). International trading companies is another form of indirect exporting. This type of indirect exporting is conducted by initiating local offices across the globe. Examples of international trading companies can be Mitsubishi Company of Japan. The international trading

Opportunities and Challenges for Businesses With Globalization Essay

Opportunities and Challenges for Businesses With Globalization - Essay Example Global manufacturing outsourcing has been increasing for several years; it already has been adopted in the apparel, electronics, and automobile industries. The economic benefits have been quantified extensively; and, although sometimes challenged, the financial initial analysis is compelling given the less expensive skilled and unskilled labour costs in countries like China, India, Mexico, and Eastern Europe versus the U.S. If we take Information Technology, it has also gone global. For instance, when it was developing the highly successful iPod, Apple Computer worked with up to 10 firms and independent contractors around the world to find the right ideas and components. Even during the product design and customer requirement definition phases, it used two countries: Japan and the U.S.(5) From the above it can be seen that the globalization helps the organizations to expand its manufacturing and production all over the world, to find out a new business horizon. But these organization s, in fact, face many challenges in their business affairs. Apart from continuous and drastic cost reduction or constant innovation, to effectively tackle these pressures and constraints, and to profit from the opportunities created by globalization, the following implementations/improvements may be helpful. The organizations need to develop new business strategies which combine innovation, research and technology, a highly skilled workforce and their overall operational effectiveness in ways which competitors find hard to copy.