William Blake s Poetry Of Innocence And Happiness

William Blake was a poet, painter, and engraver, who was born in Soho, London on November 28th 1757. Blake lived in London at a time of great political and social change. The Industrial Revolution took place in 1760, the American Revolution began in 1775, and the French Revolution began in 1789, and all of these revolutions greatly influenced William Blake’s writing. Blake wrote his world famous Songs of Innocence in 1789 and later combined it with additional poems titled Songs of Innocence and of Experience in 1794. In this collection of romantic poems Blake conveyed that he is writing about innocence and happiness, but on the contrary they convey quite the opposite. Blake’s poems represent a state of the human soul and incorporate evil, suffering of human beings, injustice and a fallen world altogether. These poems represent the disease, poverty, prostitution, war, social repression, sexual repression, institutional repression that befell London at the time of his wri ting. Many of Blake’s poems portray the Industrial Revolution in a negative light because of all the harm it brought. These revolutions changed the way people viewed their relationships with the church, as well as the state, and William Blake was heavily affected by the greed and cruelty toward the common worker during the Industrial Revolution. His poems in Songs of Innocence were written in a child’s point of view whereas the poems in Songs of Experience were written in an adult’s point of view that wasShow MoreRelatedWilliam Poetry Of William Blake And William Wordsworth1980 Words   |  8 Pagesdepends on the person. To some the definition is a time without any worry, to others, it is a more logical definition such as the period between infancy and adolescence. There are many versions of this definition, and this is seen in the poetry of William Blake and William Wordsworth. These two authors have different views on what it means to be a child and how they are portrayed in this era. 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Although Niebuhr generally agreed that humor stresses the incongruous, he also, like Chesterton and Solomon, linked it with humility. Humor is a proof of the capacity of the self to gain a vantage

The Civil War And World War One, By Arnold Gesell, And...

During the years between the Civil War and World War One, the United States exploded into a collision of novel ideas and theories, especially those pertaining to the modern social and policy sciences. The power vacuum that was created during this time of innovation was one that gave birth to works that have changed the course of generations, and in order to prevail, the challenge for each author and each work was to achieve legitimacy in the eyes of a sometimes skeptical public. Authors Arnold Gesell, Frederick Winslow Taylor, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman met this challenge head-on. Though the actual messages of each of their works is important, the way that each is presented, the language, structure, and tone that are used in execution are equally, if not more important, than the messages themselves. These literary details become the purposeful and powerful tools used by each author to gain the reader’s subliminal confidence, which gives them the ultimate power of legitimacy. The study of sociology had only begun to achieve validity in the eyes of the public when Arnold L. Gesell published the article titled â€Å"The Village of a Thousand Souls,† an article that is supposed to reveal â€Å"the absolute truth about a real village located in a prosperous farming district in the Middle West† (Gesell 11). The article dresses itself in the garments of a scientific paper; terms are defined, statistics are presented, groups and different factors are labeled and accounted for, and

Financial Statement of Billabong International

Question: Discuss about the Financial Statement Analysis of Billabong International. Answer: Introduction Gordon Merchant founded Billabong in 1973 in Queensland, Australia. It was basically a surf company producing skateboards, snowboards, cloths and backpacks etc. Billabong is traded on Australian Securities Exchange from 11th August 2000. By the late 1980s Billabong started to export its products outside Australia after its success in Australia. In its expansion strategy, it acquired Von Zipper an eyewear brand, Kustom Surf Shoe a shoe brand, Nixon Inc. a watch and accessories brand in the boards sports market till 2004. In 2007 it acquired the retail operations of the Quiet Flight an American retail company to operate in New York City. Further advancing in retail markets, Billabong acquired a UK based 13 store retail chain Two Seasons and a US based online retailer Swell. Operating Financial Review Group Overview: The Group Billabong International Limited operated 424 retail stores as at 30th June 2014 but on the Financial Year ending 30th June 2015 these stores remained 404 in numbers. The downfall in different regions is as follows: North America: Only 60 stores in 2015 remained as these were 64 in 2014. Europe: Only 102 stores in 2015 remained as these were 111 in 2014. Australia: Only 123 stores in 2015 remained as these were 128 in 2014. New Zealand: Only 30 stores in 2015 remained as these were 35 in 2014. Japan: 46 stores in 2015, one store has increased as these were 45 in 2014. South Africa: Only 23 stores in 2015 remained as these were 27 in 2014. Only one store increased over financial year 2014 in Japan during financial year 2015 and 21 stores over the entire world closed down during financial year 2015. (Investopedia, n.d.) Consolidated Income statement Revenue from continuing operations remained to $ 1,056,130,000 only for the year ended 30th June 2015 as this were $ 1,125,454,000 for the year ended 30th June 2014. The revenue from continuing operations has fallen down by $ 69,324,000 in financial year 2015; this may be the result of the closure of 25 stores of the group over the entire world and significant locations. This fall down of 6.16 % in revenue is a big loss to the company in 2015, the company should consider it as a serious threat. (Accounting Tools, n.d.) Other incomes for the company were $ 10,790,000 for the year ended 30th June 2014 as this remained to only $ 10,553,000 for the year ended 30th June 2015. The company should consider increasing its other revenues to grow and prosper and to get competitive advantage. This downfall of $ 237,000 in its other revenues is a bad symbol for the companys future prospect. Cost of goods sold for the year ended 30th June 2014 were $ 555,758,000 over the revenue of $ 1,125,454,000 while it was $ 495,308,000 for the year ended 30th June 2015 over the revenue of $ 1,056,130,000. The cost of goods sold for the year ended 30th June 2014 was 49.38 % of that years revenue while this was 46.90 % for the year ended 30th June 2015. This shows the good performance of the company towards achieving efficiency in its operations. The company is working towards achievement for perfect efficiency and to be a cost leader in the industry by cutting down its costs. (Investopedia, n.d.) Selling, general and administrative Expenses amounted to $ 466,634,000 for year 2014 and $ 429,614,000 for the year 2015. These were 41.46 % of the revenue for the year 2014 and 40.68% of the revenue for the year 2015. The company was able to cut down its expenses in the year 2015 as compared to year 2014 relatively. This shows the commitment towards obtaining efficiency in expenditures. The other expenses for the company amounted to $ 166,722,000 for the year 2014 and $ 127,681,000 for the year 2015, on comparing these expenses according to the revenues this come as 14.81% for the year 2014 and 12.09% for the year 2015. This again is the result of the companys commitment towards achieving the efficiency in expenditures and cutting down the different costs of the company. (Accounting Tools, n.d.) Finance Cost of the company amounted to $ 82,366,000 for the year 2014 and $ 34,275,000 for the year 2015. The company was able to cut down the finance cost for the year 2015 by $ 48,091,000 which is very helpful to get the better returns for the owners of the company and increasing its net wealth. This will help directly in increasing the net profits of the company or reducing the net losses of the company. In the year ending 30th June 2014, the company had a net loss for the year amounted to $ 239,933,000 which shows the companys bad performance and inability to generate wealth for the company and its owners, while for the year ending 30th June 2015, the company earned a net profit of $ 2,552,000, which shows the companys better performances over the last year. This is the result of the companys strategy to achieve the efficiency in its operations and cutting down its expenditures. The company is improving as compared to last year and earning the wealth for the company. (Bhatia, A., 2012) Consolidated Balance Sheet On analyzing the Balance Sheet of the Company for the two years, the intangible assets of the company had increased from $ 143,664,000 to $ 161,534,000 during the year 2014-15. This is due to profit on account of translation differences of $ 21,386,000 mainly and a very short addition in the finite life intangible assets of $ 3,207,000 WIP of $ 6,255,000. The Non Current Receivables of the company was $ 7,202,000 for the year 2015 and $ 10,275,000 for the year 2014, the company was able to recover the receivables of the worth $ 3,073,000. This will help the company to grow as this will add to the funds of the company and will equip the company with better investing options. The trade and other receivables of the company have increased from $ 153,850,000 in 2014 to $ 164,504,000 in 2015 this shows the poor collection mechanism of the company for the trade receivables. The trade receivables management should work towards this area of the company for the better results and to increase the resources of the company for its working capital requirements. The working capital is much needed to finance the operations of the company and to prosper in the market efficiently. (Bhatia, A., 2012) The Inventories of the company have increased to $ 187,125,000 in the year 2015 from $ 180,222 in the year 2014. This will increase the storage cost of the company and shows poor inventory turnover. The inventory management of the company should work towards this area to minimize the different costs associated with the inventory and work towards better inventory turnover ratio. Out of the inventories stored by the company, the inventory of the finished goods is more than the Raw materials and WIP items; the sales department is also responsible for the low inventory turnover of the finished goods. The other current assets of the company show the Forward foreign exchange Contracts with the company in the year 2015 for $ 3,879,000 which was $ 91,000 only in the year 2014. This is the better financial position of the company as this will generate revenues for the company in the near future. The property, Plant and equipments of the company include an increase in the furniture fittings in the year 2014 for $ 15,975,000 and for $ 21,243,000 in the year 2015, and disposals in furniture fittings worth $ 467,000 in the year 2014 and $ 1,216,000 in the year 2015 except these there were no addition and no disposals in the fixed assets of the company. The Trade and Other Payables of the company have increased from $ 185,687,000 in the year 2014 to $ 207,917,000 in the year 2015 which is a very high increase in the liabilities of the company and affects the financial position of the company adversely. Financial Ratio Analysis Further we can analyze the financial performance financial position of the company with the help of financial ratio: 1. Current Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 2012 Current Assets ($000) 5,23,753.00 4,95,801.00 6,22,368.00 8,98,921.00 Current Liabilities ($000) 2,39,045.00 2,25,671.00 6,12,495.00 6,11,443.00 Current Ratio [(Current Assets/Current Liabilities *100)] 2.19 2.20 1.02 1.47 Current Ratio measures the liquidity of the company. With the help of current ratio the liquidity position of the company is being measured. What is the position of the liquid fund in the company? According to the above observation Liquidity position of the company is strong. Liquidity position of the company is positive as compared to last year. According to the industry standard Current Ratio should be 2 and the same is high in case of company. Hence we can conclude the liquidity position of the company is sound. 2. Quick Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 2012 Liquid Assets ($000) 3,36,628.00 3,15,579.00 3,55,562.00 6,05,720.00 Current Liabilities ($000) 2,39,045.00 2,25,671.00 6,12,495.00 6,11,443.00 Liquid Ratio [(Liquid Assets/Current Liabilities *100)] 1.41 1.40 0.58 0.9 Quick Ratio of the company is used to measure real liquidity position of the company. It measures the highly liquid fund if the company. In this case liquidity ratio of the company is showing increasing trend. The Quick ratio should be near 1.5 as per industry standard. Thus in this case the company is having sound liquidity ratio. 3. Debt to Equity Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 2012 Debt ($000) 2,59,950.00 2,12,033.00 5,916.00 2,49,069.00 Equity ($000) 2,81,584.00 2,59,036.00 3,12,067.00 10,72,261.00 Debt to Equity Ratio 0.92 0.82 0.02 0.2 Debt to Equity ratio measures the capital structure position of the company. How much debt is in the proportion of equity in the capital structure of the company is being measured. Proportion of debt is increased in the capital structure of the company as compared to last years. This represents that the risk is increased and cost of the fund is minimized by the company. According to industry standard it should be 0.5 and in this case it is high. (My Accounting Course, n.d.) 4. Debt to Asset Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 2012 Debt ($000) 2,59,950.00 2,12,033.00 5,916.00 2,49,069.00 Asset ($000) 8,03,980.00 7,51,866.00 10,19,292.00 20,80,684.00 Debt to Asset Ratio 0.32 0.28 0.01 0.12 Debt to Asset Ratio represents the percentage of debt in relation to total assets. Debt should be low and in this case debt is low but the same is increased as compared to last year. The company is trying to increase debts in the capital structure. The ratio is 0.32 in the year 2015 as compared to 0.12 in the year 2012. (Accounting Coach, n.d.) 5. Gross Profit Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 Gross Profit 5,60,822.00 5,69,696.00 5,66,026.00 Sales 10,56,130.00 11,25,454.00 11,07,492.00 GP Ratio [(Gross Profit/Sales *100)] 53.10 50.62 51.11 Gross Profit Ratio of the company represents how much the company is earning on the product without deducting any administrative or indirect expenditure. It represents the difference between revenue and cost of goods sold. The Company is earning with a growth rate as compared to last years. Gross Profit ratio of the company is 53.10 in the year 2015 as compared to last year 50.62 which is showing increasing trend. If the company is showing increasing trend that means company is growing and growth of the company in future will be in multiplier. (My Accounting Course, n.d.) 6. Net Profit Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 Net Profit 2,552.00 -2,39,933.00 -8,63,002.00 Sales 10,56,130.00 11,25,454.00 11,07,492.00 NP Ratio [(Net Profit/Sales *100)] 0.24 -21.32 -77.92 Net Profit of the company is representing what the company is earning in net to provide return to its shareholders. The Company is bearing losses continuously in the year 2013 and 2014. In the year 2015 company is earning profit or we can say company is over Break Even Point. The Company is earning with increasing rate which is showing that growth of the company is high in the future. Net Profit Ratio of the company is 0.24 in the year 2015 as compared to losses in the previous years. (My Accounting Course, n.d.) 7. Debtors Turnover Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 Sales 10,56,130.00 11,25,454.00 11,07,492.00 Accounts Receivables 1,64,504.00 1,53,850.00 2,04,429.00 Debtors Turnover Ratio [(Sales/Accounts Receivable)] 6.42 7.32 5.42 Debtors Turnover Ratio of the company is represent the times in which debtors are converted into sales. According to the industry it should be high. In this case it is 6.42 in the year 2015 as compared to 7.32 in the year 2014. It is low as compared to last year. The Company is not performing well in the year 2015. The Company should try to improve its debtors turnover ratio so that profits will increase. (My Accounting Course, n.d.) 8. Stock Turnover Ratio Particulars 2015 2014 2013 Sales 10,56,130.00 11,25,454.00 11,07,492.00 Stock 1,87,125.00 1,80,222.00 2,66,806.00 Debtors Turnover Ratio [(Sales/Accounts Receivable)] 5.64 6.24 4.15 Stock turnover ratio represents the no. of times stock has been converted into sales. It should be high as high ratio is preferable. If ratio is high the profits are also high. The Company should perform to increase its Stock turnover Ratio. Stock Turnover Ratio of the company is 5.64 in the year 2015 as compared to 624 in the year 2014. It is showing decreasing trend which is presenting poor performance of the company. The company should try to improve its performance. (Accounting Coach, n.d.) Conclusion and Recommendation: The Financial Performance of the company is sound. The Financial Performance is showing increasing trend. However the company was bearing losses up to 2014. It is represented from the financial statement of the company that company is growing over the period. With the help of Growth rate in previous year it can be presented that the company will grow with a multiplier rate in the future. The Company should increase its sales revenue. From the point of view of investor i suggest that investment should be made in the company as company is growing with a constant rate. Financial position of the company is also sound. It is reflected from the capital structure ratios that the company is increasing debts in its capital structure and trying to minimize the cost of fund. It is in the benefit of its stakeholders. I recommend to invest into the company to earn more return and fund is also secured. The Company is also having highly liquid fund and the investor should invest into the company. References: Investopedia, n.d., Financial Statement Analysis, [Online], Available at https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financial-statement-analysis.asp [Accessed on 23/01/2017] Accounting Tools, n.d., Financial Statement Analysis, [Online], Available at https://www.accountingtools.com/financial-statement-analysis [Accessed on 23/01/2017] Ready Ratio, n.d., Financial Statement Analysis, [Online], Available at https://www.readyratios.com/reference/analysis/financial_statement_analysis.html [Accessed on 23/01/2017] Bhatia, A., 2012, Financial Statement Analysis, [Online], Available at https://www.slideshare.net/AnujBhatia3/financial-statement-analysis-15102101 [Accessed on 23/01/2017] My Accounting Course, n.d., Ratio Analysis, [Online], Available at https://www.myaccountingcourse.com/financial-ratios/ [Accessed on 23/01/2017] Investopedia, n.d., Ratio Analysis: Using Financial Ratios, [Online], Available at https://www.investopedia.com/university/ratio-analysis/using-ratios.asp [Accessed on 23/01/2017] Accounting Coach, n.d., Ratio Analysis, [Online], Available at https://www.accountingcoach.com/financial-ratios/explanation [Accessed on 23/01/2017]

Jose rizal reaction paper free essay sample

Jose Rizal is a 1998 Filipino biographical film of the Philippine national hero Jose Rizal directed by Marilou Diaz-Abaya and starring Cesar Montano as Jose Rizal. At the time of its release, it was the most expensive film in the history of Philippine cinema with a budget of over PhP. 80 million. The film was an official entry to the 1998 Metro Manila Film Festival. Upon release, the film met a universal critical acclaim. Jose Protacio Mercado Alonzo y Realonda Rizal (June 19, 1861 – Dec 30, 1896) Is most venerated and acclaimed patriot in the Philippines recognized for his unselfish contribution in the historical and social transformation in the country, he is one of the National heroes of the Philippines together with Andres Bonifacio. He also writes El Filibusterismo and Noli me Tangere. Rizal as a child was a lover of a Literature art and wrote a poem named â€Å"Ang aking mga kabata†. Rizal was born from wealthy Family in Calamba, Laguna and Seventh of eleven children of Francisco engracio Rizal and Teodora Alonzo Realonda de Quintos. We will write a custom essay sample on Jose rizal reaction paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Rizal had a Spanish and Japanese Ancestors. The grandfather and father of Teodora was a Half Spaniard engineer named Lorenzo Alberto Alonzo. His maternal great-great-grandfather was Eugenio Ursua, a descendant of Japanese settlers. Before he enrolled in Ateneo Municipal de Manila, Paciano Rizal advice Rizal dropped the last three names to make up his full name as â€Å"Jose Protasio Rizal†. Rizal writes â€Å"My family never paid much attention [to our second surname Rizal], but now I had to use it, thus giving me the appearance of an illegitimate child†Rizal first study under Justiniano Aquino Cruz in Binan, Laguna. Before he sent in manila he take entrance examination in Colegio de San Juan de Letran and at age 11, He enrolled at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila (now Ateneo de Manila), earn a Bachelor of Arts diploma and studied medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in Manila, he continued his studies of medicine in Universidad Central de Madrid in Madrid, Spain, earning the degree of Licentiate in Medicine, make him eligible to practice medicine. He also attended the University of Paris and earned and second doctorate at the University of Heidelberg. The 25 year-old Rizal he finished eye specialization in 1887 under professor Otto Becker. By 1896 he was arrested en route to Cuba via Spain and imprisoned in Barcelona. He was sent back to manila to stand in trial and imprisoned in Fort Santiago by issued a manifesto. And sentence in death by court martial by Rebillion, sedition and conspiracy. At December 30, 1896 before his execution by the squad of Filipino soldier of Spanish, a backup force of regular Spanish army stood ready to shoot before he was shot he requested to be shot in looking at the shooter and without a blindfold but they disagree but they agree on without a blindfold. Before be shot he shout his last word â€Å"consummatum est† (â€Å"it is finished)He was secretly buried in Paco cemetery in Manila with no identification on his grave but they mark the site with â€Å"RPJ† his initials in reverse..

3m “Profile of an Innovating Company free essay sample

3M â€Å"Profile of an Innovating Company† The 3M case traces the history of this Minnesota-based company from its inception in 1902 through 1992. By looking at the tenure of three CEOs, the case examines how 3M worked to maintain a culture of innovation while continuing to grow into an international multibillion dollar organization. While the organization’s values are critical to the success of 3M, internal and external forces also forced 3M to adjust their business model. William McKnight, the founding CEO, embedded a strong organizational culture into 3M. He instilled the values of entrepreneurship, research and experimentation into every employee. His goal was to create a climate that â€Å"stimulates ordinary people to do great things. † As 3M grew into a billion dollar business they continued to maintain their core values of innovation, marketplace responsiveness and entrepreneurship. Employees at 3M were encouraged to work on their own projects with a corporate-wide policy that promoted work on personal projects for up to 15% of a researcher’s time. We will write a custom essay sample on 3m â€Å"Profile of an Innovating Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Individual persistence was recognized and people were encouraged to pursue their own ideas and to take risks. Management supported â€Å"unintentioned failure† and was known to support projects that did not necessarily show market viability. Often times, these projects found future niche markets or applications that were never thought of by the inventor. 3M was a â€Å"market-oriented technology based company. † It was built around the idea of adapting current technology platforms to meet the different needs of consumers. 3M looked both externally at niche market needs and internally at ways to apply new market opportunities to existing technology. They capitalized on their technology through informal and formal knowledge sharing processes. They held technology conferences, organized technology boards and promoted sharing through other communities of practice. It was the norm to ask for scientists to discuss their work and ask for advice or suggestions. The organizational structure under McKnight was a â€Å"grow and divide† concept, where management expected units to grow organically. Successful products were continually made into new divisions, which in turn became new groups. In 1977 McKnight passed away and his successor Lou Leher took over. Internal and external changes forced management to look at how 3M could continue to be profitable in the future. The growth and spin off process left by McKnight made it challenging for 3M to control their businesses. As a result of entrepreneurship and diversification, business spin-offs had created a fragmented organization. Leher created a new business structure that promoted the consolidation of divisions to share resources and integrate processes. He also standardized the strategic planning and funding process. Used to an informal planning process based on perception and measured against their own metrics,† a formal planning system was a shock to the organization. RD funding, which was typically allocated at the discretion of the manager, was now more formalized. Although funding was more focused, they still provided an opportunity for funding additional products. Lehr began to formalize the processes of 3 M. The organization, valuing entrepreneurship and innovation, became hard to control and was leading to decreased profitability of the company. The final tenure followed is that of Jake Jacobson, a bottom line CEO who came in to cut costs and increase profitability. He changed the focus of 3M from niche premium markets to low cost markets. His changes promoted the use of cross functional teams and quicker time to market. To move products more quickly to market, the company adopted a more disciplined approach to selecting projects. Projects that did not show promise up front would not be funded, as typically done in the past. Managers began to feel that innovation was being stifled and the balance between entrepreneurial spirit and team work was lost.

5 ways to stand out when you’re applying for competitive jobs

5 ways to stand out when you’re applying for competitive jobs We all know the market is competitive. Any job you apply for is probably receiving a minimum of 100 applications- with some getting up to the thousands. But someone has to get every job, right? People do make it through to the next levels of the hiring process, even in crowded, qualified fields of applicants. You have to assume the majority of job seekers you’re competing with are on the ball- their resumes are spotless and their experience and skill base matches or exceeds the job requirements. So how can you stand out as the best person for the job amidst all the house? Use some of these more targeted strategies to help elevate your application package.1. Make your purpose clear and direct.The most impressive (or at least the most attractive) candidates tend to be the ones that project a kind of professional purpose. These candidates have taken the time and effort to figure out what it is they want to do, and why, and how to reach their goals. Recruiters find it very easy to match these candidates into their companies, because it’s clear if they’ll be a fit. Make sure you can articulate the talents that make you a good match and place them prominently in your cover letter, resume, and other application materials. Know yourself and make that sing.2. Don’t hold back- sell yourself.It’s not enough to just know what drives you. You have to share that vision, enthusiastically, even if you’re shy and not prone to bragging. Put together a short pitch that summarizes why you, and only you, are the best person for the job. Once you have this down, you can use it at many points during your job search. Turn it into an elevator pitch for networking. Emphasize it in your interview. Build it into your social media presence. Make your sales pitch a part of how you present to the world while job seeking, both in person and on paper.3. Sanitize your social media.You could have the greatest application in the world, but if your social media profiles are inappropriate or controversial or just childish, a recruiter is going to toss your file in the trash. Make sure to Google yourself and scour your net presence until it’s every bit as polished and professional as you hope to present yourself to the world.4. Make your professional info a click away.There are some fancy trends out there, and you better believe the competition will be keeping up with them. If you’re up for it, try building a personal website to give a sense of your personal branding. Include the link in your resume, and include your resume on your website. A website can also (stylishly!) convey all the context you didn’t have room to include on your resume. Use this extra space to your advantage!5. Network to build a group of reliable referrals.Sadly, sometimes it really does come down to who you know. Make sure you’re constantly out there networking and making inquiries. Finding inroads to companies you want to work for to make contacts and seek mentors. You never now when someone you meet at a cocktail party or a lecture is going to be the one to pass your resume to a decision maker.

INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING Speech or Presentation

INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING - Speech or Presentation Example For example, the cost of sales amount represents the total amount of cost that was incurred or during the same accounting period as when the sales output was made. The purpose is to ensure that the gross profit and the net profit are generated from deducting the same period costs and expenses to the same period revenues (Dyson, 2010). Relevance concept states that all data gathered and presented must be relevant to the decision making process (Noreen, 2008). If the manager plans to set up a branch in Scotland, the manager needs relevant data from Scotland, not from China (Dyson, 2010). Additionally, the raw materials information is relevant to the management’s decision as to replacing the current raw materials with higher quality raw materials (Weetman, 2006). The move is set to increase the customers’ demand for the company’s products and services. Reliability concept states that some misstatements of the company’s financial report accounts may reduce the readers’ reliability on the financial reports (Dyson, 2010). For a report to be reliable or trustworthy, companies are required to have an independent or external auditor submit a report as the trueness of the financial reports presented to interested parties (Verzuh, 2005). On the other hand, the amount paid is recorded as a debit to taxes or licenses or business permits. The company will also record the credit to cash for the year 2012. Consequently, the amount paid increases the expenses shown in the income statement. Similarly, the balance sheet will show a deduction amounting to  £4,800 and another  £4,800 for the entire 2012 annual accounting period ending December 31 2007 (Drury, 2006). The company should record a debit to accounts receivable. The account title represents the amount that the customer promises to pay at an agreed future time. Similarly, the company will record a sales amount in the sales or revenue section of the client’s financial statements (Dyson,

Jean-Paul Sartre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Jean-Paul Sartre - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the roots of Jean-Paul Sartre’s Existentialist-Marxist understandings are deeply embedded in the objects of freedom (analytically) and personal struggle (history/personal struggle).   It is not only impractical to separate Sartre from his time-period, it is impossible.   Dissolution of people’s identities both spiritually and historically was being realized through the tragedies of World War I and World War II.   Combining these significant destructions with new perspectives concerning Psychology (through Freud, Jung†¦), Philosophy found a seemingly different path explaining â€Å"who we are† and â€Å"what is our purpose† as humans.   Sartre was heavily influenced by literature and art and through this media suggested an approach to perceiving the world as it is; ugly, grotesque’, self-absorbed.   This movement towards a more realistic or negative view of life differed greatly from the â€Å"Hope† offered by Leibnitz, Aquinas and other ‘positivists’.   Accordingly, Sartre felt the backlash from â€Å"Hopeful-ists† resulting in Sartre’s â€Å"Existentialism Is a Humanism† lecture in Paris, France 1944. In â€Å"Existentialism Is a Humanism†, Sartre spells out what Existentialism actually is.   Sartre says there are two kinds of Existentialist â€Å"the Christians...and atheistic existentialists† the latter being the group Sartre belongs to.  Ã‚  ... Perhaps Sartre’ wished to embolden and/or disarm his Christian detractors by enlisting Gabriel Marcel as a co-conspirator since Marcel, a converted Catholic, first â€Å"endorsed but later repudiated† (SEP) the Existentialist label. Adding a supremely ironic twist is Sartre first repudiating then endorsing the label of ‘Existentialism’ himself (Sartre.org). Sartre may have been reading Kant and his â€Å"Utilitarianism† by including Christianity as a default proponent; by utility. Sartre suggests the commonness of existentialists is the belief that â€Å"existence precedes essence.† This idea is novel in the scheme of Philosophy. Greek thought or philosophy from Plato suggested a â€Å"Realm of Forms† as the perfection of anything conceivable in perfect form. The ‘thing’ observed had a ‘perfectness’ illustrated in the â€Å"Realm of Forms† above and beyond the common illusionary perception of a living hu man being (Plato 68). Sartre defined reality as production of each individual perceiver’s understanding or capabilities without a definite ‘template’ or guide about what may or may not be true of the ‘thing’ perceived. This is Sartre’s ‘Freedom’ supposition: â€Å"Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself† (Sartre 5). Here, Sartre follows closely in the footsteps of Spinoza by exacting ‘God’ from the realm of reality and describing a ‘natural’ or humanistic understanding of reality. Freedom, to Sartre, is not a political or societal extension; although it can be. Freedom is breaking the chains of bondage from â€Å"determinism† of perhaps, Calvinistic Christianity and allowing man the complete dominion of his or her own

Principles Of Auditing - Apple vs. Samsung Lawsuit Essay - 1

Principles Of Auditing - Apple vs. Samsung Lawsuit - Essay Example olen certain software and infringed patent as well as trademark while designing Galaxy line of mobile products (Chen, â€Å"Apple to Samsung: Stop Stealing Ideas†). Based on the above analysis, the essay tends to analyse the general story or the case of Apple vs. Samsung Lawsuit with respect to patent along with trademark infringement and stealing of certain software designs as well as features. The case relating to the lawsuit, which was filed by Apple, accusing Samsung to be involved in stealing its certain software and perpetrating trademark along with patent infringement, in the month of April’ 2011 and ended in the year 2013. Thus, with this concern, it can be asserted that the case has lasted for around 2 years and 8 months and at the end Apple was awarded with over $1 billion for the lawsuit filed against Samsung (Sandoval, â€Å"The ABCs of Apple v. Samsung†). One of the prime reasons or causes for Apple to file a court case not in favour of Samsung for stealing numerous chief iOS design elements and features that are utilised by the company at the time of making its Galaxy product line of tablets as well as smartphones. Apart from this, Apple claimed that Samsung has also stolen certain business ideas along with technologies of Apple while designing its iPad and iPhone product line. This is also a reason for Apple to file a lawsuit in opposition to Samsung in the year 2011, which lasted till the year 2013. However, on part of Samsung, it countersued Apple for the reason of violating a few of its patents or in precise being committed of patent infringement. Identifiably, both the two companies remained much concerned about what instructions the Judge will provide the jury relating to the lawsuit filed by both the companies against one another (Epstein, â€Å"These Are the 5 iOS Features Apple Claims Samsung Stole†; Sandoval,  "The ABCs of Apple v. Samsung†). After acquiring a brief idea about various causes or reasons of filing a lawsuit by Apple

Effects of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature: Experiment

Effects of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature: Experiment OBJECTIVE: To study the Air Flow effect on Temperature changes. To study the Heating Effect on Temperature changes. To study the Effect of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature changes. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effects of air flow or heating on temperature. An enclosed duct (Model LS17024) is used as assistance to complete our task. The reason of setting the entire component in enclosures is to prevent unnecessary problems during control design, air flow and effect of heating process. The enclosed duct is made up by several components which include fan, control panel, cooler section, observation door, condensing unit, and dry bulb thermocouple. Fan functions to provide air flow rate and there will be a controller installed on it in order to adjusting the spinning speed. Control panel was connected to that controller on fan as well as heater to control both variables air flow rate and the heating rate. Next, temperature is defining as one of the most important parameter because it represents the motion of particles. The air molecules gain more energy on average (move faster and bounce around more energetically) when the temperature increases as the result of high heating rate. In this experiment, the air flow and heating rate alter the temperature changes. Furthermore, heat transfer in three main ways: through radiation, conduction, and natural or forced convention. Heat transfer via radiation occurs through electromagnetic waves, an example being the sun’s energy reaching the earth with including emissivity and energy absorption. Besides that, heat can also be transferred through conduction between the inner surface and outer surface of an object. As long as it is conducted by heat energy, the heat will flow from hotter region to lower region. For example, there is only one end of iron rod being heated by candle, and sooner or later the other end of the rod will become warmer. This phenomenon is a common heat conduction example which explained the heat energy can transfer through particles in one object. Doesn’t like heat conduction, heat convection happened between particles in fluid and non-fluid. Just like we can feel the heat of the hot iron plate once we get near to it even no contact at all. It is because the parti cles in iron plate pass the heat energy to air molecules in surrounding and the air molecules carry out heat convection again from air molecules onto our sensor cells on our body. MATERIAL/APPARATUS: 1. An enclosed duct (Model LS17024) 2. Fan 3. Control panel 4. Cooler section 5. Observation door 6. Condensing unit 7. Dry bulb thermocouple EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: Control State of the Duct The apparatus main power supply was switched on. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby all readings on the instrument panel show no more changes. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. Part A: Air Flow Effect on Temperature The axial fan was switched on. The frequency was set to 5.0Hz by adjusting the frequency inverter. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby there were no more changes in duct temperature. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. All the above steps were repeated with frequency of 30.0Hz. The readings were recorded down in the Table 1 for different air flow rates 5.0Hz and 30.0Hz by adjusting fan frequency. Part B: Heating Effect on Temperature The heater was switched on and the heating rate was set to 40.0Â °C. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby no observable changes in heater and duct temperature. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. All the above steps were repeated with heating rate of 60.0Â °C. The readings were recorded down in the Table 1 for different rates 40.0Â °C and 60.0Â °C. Part C: Effect of Air Flow and Heating on Temperature Heating rate of 31.0Â °C and a fan rate of 5.0Hz, and another set with heating rate of 31.0Â °C and fan rate of 30.0Hz were selected to study their combined effect. The system was allowed to reach steady state whereby no observable changes in the duct temperature. All the readings displayed on the digital meters were recorded in Table 1. RESULTS: DISCUSSION: The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of heating and air flow on temperature. The more kinetic energy inside an object particles cause vigorous collision which indicates that more heat been transferred from it. For sure it gives rise in temperature. Temperature is a parameter to measure the amount of thermal energy in one object based on the kinetic action between the particles. Air is made up of molecules that are constantly in motion. Once air is being warmed up, the molecules will gain energy to increase its mobility. The molecules will then collide to each other to cause effective collision. A higher temperature indicates more thermal motion between particles. So as return, a decrease in temperature will slow the movement of particles down. Fan frequency and heating rate are two factors that will alter the temperature changes. The faster the air flow rate, the more readily the surface cools as air forming a boundary layer is replaced and the temperature measured in the area is maintained low. Heat transfer in three main ways: through radiation, conduction, and natural or forced convention. Heat transfer via radiation occurs through electromagnetic waves, an example being the sun’s energy reaching the earth with including emissivity and energy absorption. Besides that, heat can also be transferred through conduction between the inner surface and outer surface of an object. As long as it is conducted by heat energy, the heat will flow from hotter region to lower region. For example, there is only one end of iron rod being heated by candle, and sooner or later the other end of the rod will become warmer. This phenomenon is a common heat conduction example which explained the heat energy can transfer through particles in one object. Doesn’t like heat conduction, heat convection happened between particles in fluid and non-fluid. Just like we can feel the heat of the hot iron plate once we get near to it even no contact at all. It is because the particles in iron plate pass the heat energy to air molecules in surrounding and the air molecules carry out heat convection again from air molecules onto our sensor cells on our body. One of the criteria for heat transfer to occur is temperature difference. As we all know, the heat will only transfer from hotter region to cooler region. According to First Law of Thermodynamic, the heat energy transferred from cooler place to hotter place is impossible. For convection, the rate of heat loss depends on the speed of ambient air flow above the surface. There will be an insulating boundary layer of warm air forming against the surface as the object surface heats the air around it. Moving air will destroy the boundary layer, letting the new cold air in and replace the original hot air. That is why the duct temperature is getting lower as the fan frequency goes higher. There are two types of convective heat transfer which are forced convection and natural convection. Forced convection was happened when there is external force existed for example Fan is considered as external force since it provides air flow. Forced convection can transfer faster heat rate compared to nat ural convection due to the stronger air flow rate which speed up the moving air that carries the heat energy. Furthermore, the temperature increases slowly for natural convection because heat energy is transferred in natural condition. At the early state of experiment, heater and fan were switched off so that we can observe the initial reading of all temperature gauges. The duct, heater and surrounding / ambient temperature were noted as 30.0 ËÅ ¡C, 30.0 ËÅ ¡C and 30.0ËÅ ¡C respectively. This set of data is the controlled set in this experiment. In part B experiment, the fan frequency was initially set to 5Hz. The results came out for duct, ambient and heater temperature were 29.9 ËÅ ¡C, 29.9ËÅ ¡C, 30.0 ËÅ ¡C respectively. After this, we need to wait for the whole component to stabilize (cool down) before carry out next set of part A experiment. Next, the fan frequency was reset to 30Hz. The duct, ambient and heater temperature were recorded 29.8 ËÅ ¡C, 29.9 ËÅ ¡C and 30.0 ËÅ ¡C respectively. From the result, we can conclude that the duct temperature is getting low as we increase the fan frequency. This is fan has create a force convection with disrupt all the insulating boundary layer and allow the new and cooler air to come into enclosing duct. For part B experiment, the heating rate was initially set to 40 ËÅ ¡C. The duct and ambient temperature came out as 31.1 ËÅ ¡C and 30.1 ËÅ ¡C. After that we repeat the cooling down process as what we did in part B experiment for system stabilization, the heating rate was then reset to 60 ËÅ ¡C. The duct and ambient temperature were recorded as 35.5 ËÅ ¡C and 30.9 ËÅ ¡C .The readings prove that the duct temperature had rose compared to last set experiment. This is because the particles in air gained greater kinetic energy and collides with each other faster, causing an increase in temperature. In part C experiment, both fan and heater were involved. In first trial (first condition), we had the combination of 5Hz fan frequency and 31.0 ËÅ ¡C of heater temperature. The duct and ambient temperature came out as 31.0 ËÅ ¡C and 30.6 ËÅ ¡C. Again the system needed to be stabilized in order to get more accurate reading for next part. For second trial (second condition) we made the condition as 30Hz fan frequency and 31.0 ËÅ ¡C of heater temperature together. The duct and ambient temperature were recorded as 30.9 ËÅ ¡C and 30.6 ËÅ ¡C. The data proves that the duct temperature in second trial is higher than that in first trial. This is because the air flow has again destroyed the insulating boundary layer and the heating rate can’t counter with intruding of new cold air. In conclusion, there is few precaution steps need to be taken throughout the whole experiment. Firstly, the temperature should be adjusted from low temperature reading to high temperature reading so that the remained heat won’t affect the next coming set. Next, this experiment should be conducted in a closed room and located far away from heating or cooling system so that the temperature won’t be easily affected. CONCLUSION: The objective of the experiment which is to study the effects of heating and air flow on temperature was successfully determined. Air flow rate and heating rate are the main factors that affect the temperature. In this experiment, heat transferred by using convection. Fan was acting as forced convection which alters the velocity of moving air to disrupt the insulating boundary layer to allow the cool air to replace the original warm air. When heater was switched on, air is heated and expands. The molecules in warm gained greater kinetic energy and collide with each other faster, causing an increase in temperature. REFERENCES: Convection. (n.d). Retrieved March 20, 2014 from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/heatra.html Effects of Heat and Airflow inside an Enclosure. (n.d). Retrieved March 20, 2014 from http://www2.emersonprocess.com/siteadmincenter/PM%20DeltaV%20Documents/Whitepapers/WP_Heat_Airflow_Encl.pdf Jain,R. (n.d). Heat Transfer. Retrieved March 20, 2014 from http://www.budind.com/pdf/BasicsofEnclosureCoolingWhitePaper2.pdf

Nationalism In The Middle East Essay -- essays research papers

The study of international relations is very broad and complex. It is the study of nations and states and how they are formed. It is also the study of measures, such as revolutions and wars, that create different nations and states and the reasons behind such measures. One important concept in international relations is the view of nationalism. Nationalism is a part of every nation and state and thus is relevant to each country. An important geographical area where nationalism relates directly to the events occurring today would be in the Middle East where nationalistic views of two different nations, that of Jews and Arabs, coincide to create a very volatile conflict that has run its course for nearly a whole century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A â€Å"nation† is defined as a group with a common culture, language, folkways, and values. A â€Å"state† refers to a government in control of territory and population. For example, Israel is a state and a nation since it consists mainly of Jews. However, Palestine is a nation because it consists of Arabs with a common culture, but not a State, since the International community does not recognize it as one. Nationalism is the view that a nation and state in a specific area should coincide. It is the view that says that a specific group with a common culture should be allowed to form its own state and thus its own form of government to govern itself. Thus, nationalism is related to every country and so is very important in the study of International relations. The most damaging weakness in Nationalism is that Nationalism may cause a culture to consider itself superior to all other cultures. This in turn may be used as a justification to eliminate other groups. A prime example is that of Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. But, on the other hand, this superior attitude towards other cultures could cause severe tension between whoever is involved, and in turn cause the inferior country to lash out causing a conflict or in this case war. Thus, nationalism is one of the important causes of revolutions, borders, and wars even in the world today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An important geographical area where the affects and causes of nationalism can be seen with clarity is the Middle East. The history of the Middle East is long and very complex relating back to more than three thousand years. The main conflict in the area today... ...ontinuing problems between the two manifestations of nationalism of Arabs and Jews.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Palestine War of 1948 was not the only major conflict between the two nations in the Middle East. Since then, there has been the Six Day War of 1967, the October War of 1973, the Palestinian Uprising of 1967, and perhaps more recently going on at this very moment the newest surge of Palestinian uprising in Israel that began in September of 2000. There are still tough issues to resolve between the two sides, issues such as Jerusalem, which is holy to both Jews and Muslims. Since both nations want full sovereignty over the Holy City and nothing less, this has become an important issue in their nationalistic views. Violent conflicts over such continue to spill blood, both Jewish and Arab, and bring more fear and pain into the already desperate situation. These conflicts are a continuing reminder of how nationalism, in this case both Jewish and Arab, can cause revolutions, uprisings, and wars in order for the creation of states. It is a continuing reminder of how nationalism relates to international relations and its importance in each individual country in the world.

Impact of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Essay

Impact of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Impact of Brand Image and Advertisement on Consumer Buying Behavior Muhammad Ehsan Malik, Muhammad 1 2 Mudasar Ghafoor, 3Hafiz Kashif Iqbal, 4Qasim Ali, 4Hira Hunbal, 4Muhammad Noman and 4Bilal Ahmad 1Institute of Business Administration (IBA), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Dean Economics and Management Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2School of Business, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom 3School of Business and Economics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan 4Department of Business Administration, University of the Punjab Gujranwala Campus, Pakistan Submitted: Apr 27, 2013; Accepted: Jun 3, 2013; Published: Jun 20, 2013 Abstract: Brand image and advertisement play a crucial role to boost up any business performance as brand image is an implied tool which can positively change people’s buying behaviors and advertisement is behaving as a driving force for any business as it’s an effective source to convey your message and stay in customer’s mind. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of brand image and advertisement on consumer buying behavior in the general public at Gujranwala city. Questionnaire survey was used to collect the data by using non probability convenient sampling technique. A sample of 200 questionnaires was used in which 175 responses were collected within the period of one month. Findings show that brand image and advertisement have strong positive influence and significant relationship with Consumer buying behavior. People perceive the brand image with positive attitude. Study depicted that teenagers in Gujranwala are more conscious about their social status so they prefer branded products and advertisement affects their Consumer Buying Behavior positively. In the last of article limitations of research, implications and suggestions for further research also included. Key words: Brand image Advertisement Consumer Buying Behavior INTRODUCTION can build long term profitable relations with customers. People in our society are so conscious about their any business can positively affect the behaviors of status and they prefer to use branded products to show people regarding brand image, satisfaction and loyalty. off their status symbol. Brand is considered as implied At present time in global and emerging markets device through which any business can attain the business war is not only on price but customer attraction, attraction of people and can enjoy the competitive edge. loyalty and relationship matters a lot. Companies are so In our local scenario it also considered as a valuable asset conscious about their customer’s satisfaction. for any business as it can change peoples’ buying Advertisement plays a crucial role for any business to behavior. It can play a vital role to expand any business. boost up its performance graph as it is a powerful strategy Brand image development is a long term process and it to attract your customers toward your product. In can prove a strong weapon to fight with your competitors. Pakistan advertisement also becoming a driving force for Customers rely on branded products and mostly prefer to any business because it can force people to change their buy products with well known brand name. Marketing behavior regarding your product in positive sense. valuable strategies and tools can develop the brand of Advertisement is a dominant and leading weapon in all any product. If brand is managed in effective ways, a marketing tools due to its positive impact on consumers’ business can enjoy maximum number of customers and buying behavior. It’s an effective way to communicate Refine quality of products and social

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essays

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essays Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essay Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Essay The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was the tomb of king Mausolus. Halicarnassus (Modern Bodrum, Turkey) was the capital of a small Mediterranean kingdom. In 377 B. C. , Hecatomnus of Mylasa, the ruler of this land, died and left control of the kingdom to his son, Mausolus. Mausolus’ reign lasted for 24 years. He loved and adored the Greek culture and founded several cities of Greek design along the coast. In 353 B. C. , Mausolus died, leaving his queen Artemisia broken hearted. She decided to build the most splendid tomb in the known world as a tribute to him. The tomb became so famous that Mausolus’s name is now associated with all stately tombs throughout the world as Mausoleum. It became one of the seven wonders of the ancient world because of its rich statuary and carvings in relief. Artemisia sent messengers to Greece to find the most talented sculptors; she decided that no expense was to be spared in building the tomb. The tomb was errected on a hill overlooking the city. The entire structure sat in the center of an enclosed courtyard on a stone platform. A staircase, flanked with stone lions, led to the top of this platform. There were many statues of gods and godesses along the outer wall of the courtyard. The tomb was guarded by stone warriors mounted on horseback at each corner stone. [pic] The tomb itself was at the center of the platform. The marble structure rose as a square, tapering block to about one-third of the Mausoleum’s 1140 feet height. This section was covered wit relief sculptures showing action scenes from Greek mythology. Thirty-six slim columns rose on top of this section for another third of the height. Between each column were more statues. A solid block behind the columns carried the weight of the tomb’s massive roof. [pic] Map showing the layout of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Artemisia died two years after Mausolus’s death. Both of them were buried in the yet unfinished tomb. The craftsmen took up the responsibility of completing the structure. The Mausoleum overlooked the city for several centuaries before it was damaged and destroyed by attacks from pirates, invaders and series of earthquakes. Very similar to this ancient wonder is the Taj mahal in India. TAJ MAHAL Like the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Taj was built in the memory of Shah Jahaan’s beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It was and still continues to be a symbol of eternal love. The Taj also is a marble structure standing on the banks of River Yamuna. It rises ona high sandstone base topped by four tappering minarets. The jewel-inlaid cenotaph of the queen lies within the dome. The design on the stucture is said to be so exquisite that the Taj has been described as â€Å" having been designed by giants and finished by jewellers† pic] STATUE OF ZEUS [pic] The statue of Zeus is located in Peloponnesus. The statue stands 40 feet high and is made of ivory and gold. Zeus is depicted sitting with olive wreath on his head, a sceptre (with an eagle sitting on it) in his left hand, and his messenger Nike in his right hand. The temple is built on a raised rectangular platform. Thirteen large columns support the r oof along the sides and six support it on each end. A gently peaked roof the topped the building, which was filled with sculpture. However, now the statue stands destroyed by numerous earthquakes and conquests. SHIVA STATUE AT MURUDESHWARA [pic] The Shiva statue at Murudeshawara is very similar to the statue of Zeus. However, in this case, the statue is outside the temple. The statue of Shiva measures 123 feet in height. The statue is constructed in such a way that it gets sun light and thus appears sparkling. The temple has the tallest gopura in the world too. It is 249 feet high and is called the Raja Gopura. There are other small statues surrounding the main Shiva statue. There is one depicting Ravan giving the atma-lingam to a Brahman. There are many statues of elephants (life size ), and the holy bull, Nandi. TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS [pic] The temple of Artemis was built in the honour of Artemis. It is 425 feet long and 225 feet wide. The foundation of the temple was rectangular in form, similar to most temples at the time. Unlike other sanctuaries, however, the building was made of marble, with a decorated facade overlooking a spacious courtyard. 127 columns, each of which is 60 feet high, support the roof. This temple was built and destroyed several times. The temple was built in such a way that one could see the other side through the temple; it was like a hollow structure. Thus, when the sun rose and set it felt as though it was happening inside the temple. PARTHENON [pic] The Parthenon was built for the Greek goddess, Athena. Structurally, it is very similar to the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. The Parthenon is a temple of the Doric order with eight columns at the facade, and seventeen columns at the flanks, conforming to the established ratio of 9:4. This ratio governed the vertical and horizontal proportions of the temple as well as many other relationships of the building like the spacing between the columns and their height. The Parthenon, in comparison with the temple of Artemis however, is only 100 feet wide, 230 feet long, and has 58 pillars. Ubud Hanging Gardens, Bali If Babylons ancient Hanging Gardens existed today, they could definitely look something like this. Perched around an Eden-like gorge are 38 serene villas, a soothing double-tiered pool, and a Hindu temple; youll need to take a funicular from reception to your suite, and most everywhere else (though a few hundred stairs will take you to the bottom of the valley if you are up to adventure. Each villa has its own private heated infinity pool, looking out over the verdant gardens of the valley and bordered by an outdoor terrace. There is step greenery and vegetation just like the supposedly floored gardens of Babylon. It is today one of the hottest tourist destinations in Bali. [pic] [pic]Bottom of Form The Lighthouse of Alexandria, Egypt. (Ancient wonder) [pic] One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Lighthouse of Alexandria was built in 200 BC on the small island of Pharos and was connected to the mainland by a massive causeway. Thought to have stood 492 feet high, it is considerably taller than any modern-day lighthouses. Though it has been lost in the pages of history and there is no concrete proof about whether it really existed or not, many claim you could see the light beacon from 35 miles away and that the structure had unique Roman features including a statue of Poseidon, a mirror that would reflect the sunlight, four statues of Triton on each corner and a church located at the top. Unfortunately, after years of destruction from earthquakes, the building collapsed in the 4th century, most probably due to an earthquake. The lighthouse served the purpose of warning the ships and showing them the way. At that time, it was an architectural marvel, indigenous and with a well-defined new idea. Lighthouse of Alexandria, Shenzhen, China. The Window of the World is a theme park located in the western part of the city of Shenzhen in the Peoples Republic of China. It has about 130 reproductions of some of the mo st famous tourist attractions in the world including an exact replica of the Lighthouse of Alexandria. Built by an eccentric businessman, it does or does not do justice to the original monument that has long been destroyed, is debatable. The monument though has been built to scale in comparison of the original Lighthouse of Alexandria. Due to the prevalence of other replicas of ancient wonders and modern wonders of the world, Window of the World is a major tourist hotspot of Shenzhen. [pic] The inspiration for the statue of liberty†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. the Colossus of Rhodes. How often do New Yorkers and other Americans gaze at the Statue of liberty with pride and amazement! Standing on a small island in the harbour, the statue is of a robed and crowned woman, holding a book in one hand and lifting a torch to the sky. The statue measures almost one-hundred and twenty feet from foot to crown. This awe-inspiring statue was a gift from France to America as a symbol of friendship. It is often referred to as â€Å"The modern colossus. † However what most people don’t know is that there stood an ancient statue in Rhodes named â€Å"The Colossus of Rhodes†; The original colossus. Like the Statue of Liberty, this colossus was also built as a celebration of freedom. This amazing statue, standing the same height from toe to head as the modern colossus, was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The statue was built sometime between 292-280 BC to celebrate the surprising victory of Rhodesians against many attackers. It was the statue of HELIUS The Sun God to The Rhodesians. The engineering of the colossus was done by a local sculptor named Harrays. First a wooden frame was made and then bronze plates of over 200 tons were put up surrounding it. This took about 12 years and innumerable labour to complete the construction. However in about 226 BC there was an earthquake in Rhodes that the statue couldn’t survive. On the other hand The Statue of Liberty was built around 2000 years later and still stands with pride looking over the sea. [pic] | | | | The inspiration for the pyramids of louvre- Paris.. The pyramids of Giza. The Great Pyramids were built between 2650-2500BC. It is said that they were a tomb of Pharaoh Khufu. They are located in Giza, Egypt. The largest pyramid is 756 feet long on each side and 450 feet high and is composed of 2,300,000 blocks of stone, each averaging 2 1/2 tons in weight. The sides are oriented to the four cardinal points of the compass and the length of each side at the base is 755 feet (230. 4 m). They rise at an angle of 51 52 to a height, originally, of 481 feet (147 m) but nowadays 451 feet (138 m). Despite the makers limited surveying tools, no side is more than 8 inches different in length than another, and the whole structure is perfectly oriented to the points of the compass. Even in the 19th century, it was the tallest building in the world and, at the age of 4,500 years, it is the only one of the famous Seven Wonders of the Ancient World that still stands. Even today it remains the most massive building on Earth. About 4000 years later, in 1989 The pyramid of Louvre museum was built by the renowned American architect I. M. Pei. This time a pyramid made up of crystal clear glass to allow the sunlight to come in on the underground floor. It is made up of rhombus shaped glass sheets fitted in a triangular shaped framework. The modern addition originally received mixed reviews, as it contrasts sharply with the classical design of the surrounding buildings of the museum of Louvre, but today it is generally accepted as a clever solution which has given the museum a spacious central entrance without the need to touch the historic patrimony. Surprisingly it too serves as an entrance to the museum like the pyramids of Giza serve as entrances to the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu. Hence because of the similarities one comes to believe that it was built by the inspiration by the pyramids of Giza.

Giles Corey Character Essay Essay Example

Giles Corey Character Essay Essay Example Giles Corey Character Essay Paper Giles Corey Character Essay Paper The Truly Honorable Person The Crucible, a play written by Arthur Miller, is a story that takes place around the Salem witch trials in 1692. The play mainly focuses around the Proctor family, John and Elizabeth Proctor are wrongfully accused of witchcraft Just like the rest of the town. Giles Corey is a local senior citizen and well known throughout the town, he mentions that his wife reads strange books and his wife gets accused even though she just reads. Giles Corey starts to realist the reasons for some of the accusations ND starts to accuse the accusers and Inform the Judges thats Its all a Ill to try to preserve peoples honor and Integrity. Giles character reflects a major question raised In the play: What does It take to be a truly honorable person? As Giles efforts to stay an honorable person and help keep other peoples honor, he Is willing to go to great lengths to keep his honor. In the second act, Proctors Is getting warned by Hale, vaulting as a friend not an official of the court, that his Wolfe name was brought up in court and that she might be arrested for witchcraft. Giles and Francis come in and tart to talk about how their wives of all people were arrested, and Giles is seems most concerned when he says, I never said my wife were a watch, Mr.. Hale: I only said she were reading books (71). This is when Giles first starts to worry about his honor and his wifes honor if the word gets out that she was arrested. : This is the beginning of Giles quest to stay an honorable person and possibly save many others honor. As honorable and self preserving as Giles Corey is, he is obviously going to stand up for his wife and talk to detonator about his wrongful arrest. His first reactions were of shock, now he is angry and is pleading to Judge Detonator, They be telling lies about my wife (85), then goes on to tell him that he didnt mean for her to be arrested when he said, inform Excellency, I only said she were reading books, sir, and they come and take her out of my house for (86). Giles is Distraught about his wife being arrested for possibly his words, he wants to do anything to get her out. Giles is trying to talk Detonator into some sense, she was Just reading books, reading doesnt instantly mean that she should be arrested. In act four, it is revealed what happened to Giles when he wanted to keep his honor and the honor of another instead of Just throwing it away when Detonator asks for someone name. In order to save his land he denied to answer to a question aye or nay, this is revealed when Elizabeth says, So he stand mute, and died Christian under law (135) and, Great Stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. They say he give them but two words, More Weight (135). Giles sacrifices himself by not answering aye or nay to Detonators question and was killed by stones laid upon is chest so that his land did not get sold and his sons could Inherit his land. Giles Corey Is truly an honorable person when It comes to his role In this story. The play was written during the time of McCarthy and The Red Scare, Its connected to these events because the Salem witch trials and salary to those events, people calling each other out because they didnt Like them. People Just get caught up In the moment and do things that are crazier than they think they are. Giles Corey Character Essay By D_Chutes she Just reads. Giles Corey starts to realist the reasons for some of the accusations ND starts to accuse the accusers and inform the Judges thats its all a lie to try to preserve peoples honor and integrity. Giles character reflects a major question raised in the play: What does it take to be a truly honorable person? As Giles efforts to stay an honorable person and help keep other peoples honor, he is willing to go to great lengths to keep his honor. In the second act, Proctors is getting warned by Hale, visiting as a friend not an official of the court, that his wifes name was brought up be arrested when he said, mirror Excellency, I only said she were reading books, sir, sent instantly mean that she should be arrested. Ender law (135) and, Great Stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. His chest so that his land did not get sold and his sons could inherit his land. Giles Corey is truly an honorable person when it comes to his role in this story. The play was written during the time of McCarthy and The Red Scare, its connected to these events because the Salem witch trials and similar to those events, people calling each other out because they didnt like them. People Just get caught up in the

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Management - Assignment Example Indirect export is one of the five market entry strategies that can be implied by businesses while implementing global strategies. In the indirect export strategy, there is a minimum amount of risk involved. On the other hand, the level of control of the market is also the least in this strategy. The market control is less due to the reason that products are being transferred abroad by other intermediaries (Levesque, 2004). In this strategy, the organisation does not get involved in any type of marketing. No type of marketing or any other activity is conducted in the strategy of indirect exporting. The sales in such a strategy are conducted as sales in a domestic market. Indirect exporting has the ability to invest in new markets and to do this they do not require any expertise or high amounts of investments. The strategy of indirect exporting is a common strategy initiated by organisations as a market entry strategy. If organisations become successful with the results of this strategy then they plan towards further agreements with the organisations of the host country (Terpstra and Sarathy, 2001). Indirect exporting is conducted via sales organisations that are domestically located. Domestic sales organisation is considered to be an easy method of managing sales in foreign markets. In this strategy, products can be bought and sold in the domestic market and it can be resold in the foreign market. The firm that is exporting the products needs to be in touch with the marketing activities of the foreign market so that they are able to increase the sales of their products at a constant note (Raff, Ryan, and Stahler, 2009). International trading companies is another form of indirect exporting. This type of indirect exporting is conducted by initiating local offices across the globe. Examples of international trading companies can be Mitsubishi Company of Japan. The international trading

Opportunities and Challenges for Businesses With Globalization Essay

Opportunities and Challenges for Businesses With Globalization - Essay Example Global manufacturing outsourcing has been increasing for several years; it already has been adopted in the apparel, electronics, and automobile industries. The economic benefits have been quantified extensively; and, although sometimes challenged, the financial initial analysis is compelling given the less expensive skilled and unskilled labour costs in countries like China, India, Mexico, and Eastern Europe versus the U.S. If we take Information Technology, it has also gone global. For instance, when it was developing the highly successful iPod, Apple Computer worked with up to 10 firms and independent contractors around the world to find the right ideas and components. Even during the product design and customer requirement definition phases, it used two countries: Japan and the U.S.(5) From the above it can be seen that the globalization helps the organizations to expand its manufacturing and production all over the world, to find out a new business horizon. But these organization s, in fact, face many challenges in their business affairs. Apart from continuous and drastic cost reduction or constant innovation, to effectively tackle these pressures and constraints, and to profit from the opportunities created by globalization, the following implementations/improvements may be helpful. The organizations need to develop new business strategies which combine innovation, research and technology, a highly skilled workforce and their overall operational effectiveness in ways which competitors find hard to copy.

How EEOC and rehabilitation act define interacting with others as a Essay

How EEOC and rehabilitation act define interacting with others as a major life activity under the americans with disability act, how Supreme Court precedent def - Essay Example ecord of such impairment; or (C) being regarded as having such an impairment.5 The EEOC defines "a mental impairment" as "any mental or psychological disorder, such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, Bi-Polar Disorder II, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities,"6 for purposes of the ADA.7 Thus, the question becomes whether this impairment substantially limits a major life activity.8 Interacting with others is listed as a major life activity in the EEOC's Compliance Manual: "Mental and emotional processes such as thinking, concentrating, and interacting with others are other examples of major life activities."9 This listing is significant insofar as the Appellate Court accords "great deference to the EEOC's interpretation of the ADA, since it is charged with administering the statute."10 Although, the EEOC provides a list of examples of major life activities that does not include interacting with others,11 this list is not exhaustive, and courts have routinely recognized major life activities not included in the EEOC regulations.12 Interacting with others is analogous to the major life activities enumerated by the EEOC because it is an essential, daily activity.13 It is not possible to exist in our society without interacting with other people. "Interacting with others, by any definition, is a required precursor to an individual's ability to work, to love, to re produce, and to function on a day-to-day basis in modem society."14 Furthermore, interacting with others is no more difficult to define than caring for oneself, a widely recognized major life activity.15 B. Judicial pronouncements of the Supreme Court and applicable jurisprudence supports the view that "interacting with others" is a major life activity As social human beings we come into contact with each other on a daily basis and that contact involves the use of abilities such as seeing, listening, talking, communicating and walking.16 These abilities have been described by ADA as "major life activities". As previously stated, the EEOC has prepared a list of abilities that constitute major life activities and they are: "...functions such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working."17 These lists of abilities

Modern Technology Essay Example for Free

Modern Technology Essay Since we are living in Informational century, there a lot of technological innovations were invented in order to make easier global connections. One of the most vital innovations is internet which was invented in twentieth century and developed in current century. It is very bizarre and incredible innovation because of its several beneficial and advantageous sides. First and foremost, internet is an important tool to make connections with all sides of the Earth. There are a lot of facilities to help us to make links to each other. One of them is email which makes opportunity for us to send and receive letters from our friends or colleagues in a few times. see more:technology making us lazy For instance, some one works in a big and prestigious company and he/she needs to send important information, such as meeting time, to his/her colleague. In this case email opportunity is very useful for everybody. In addition, everybody can utilize internet to earn money in order to create a new web site. By increasing the visitor to his/her web site creator can take percentage from the internet. On the other hand, there are a lot of trading web sites available to earn money. All bank systems are working with internet to send and receive money from other banks. Internet makes their works easier and decrease the delivery times of sending and receiving money. Finally, we can get hot news from internet about everything, such as daily news, political, sport news, when we want and where we want. Since it was invented wireless connection opportunities we are able to use internet everywhere. And moreover it makes us available to get information about everything every time. In conclusion, I would like to sum up and summarize again that internet is one of the most important innovations which makes our lives easy because of its several facilities. Email, earning money and getting news are very vital opportunities for everybody to make their life easier. nowadays our society has enjoyed the benefits of having modern technology.We are blessed with modern tools, which could perform to what seemed to be an impossible task in the past like retrieving information in a matter of seconds. However, this often comes with unforseen and undesirable consequences defeating the very objective in the first place. To my mind, modern technology is a bane than a boon. It cannot be denied that the technological improvement brings forth to us some advantages. Firstly, it helps man communicate local or oversea by writing email, telephone or mobile. A student , for instance, who is studying abroad can talk to his family by chatting and web cam rather than waiting for a hand writing letters. Secondly, the modern tools also support man in business and studying. It makes better condition to fulfill tasks faster and more convenient. For example, a student spend less time searching information and documents by clicking mouse on google rather than is stuck with many books in library. A business man can deal with his job by using laptop and internet whereas he can still enjoy holiday with his family. Nevertheless, for every solution technology provides twice as many problems are likely to cause. The modern technology is to some extent underlying causes of negative things in our society. Its Internet that provides an accessible medium for bad elements such as pornography, crimes and so on. the teenagers who are not conscious enough tend to imitate the sexual and violence clips and images on internet. A typical example of this is the massacre in an American school. A pupil killed his classmates by his father s gun simply because he only acted as a clip he saw. Moreover, the average rate of girls who are pregnant is very soon because of sexual images s influence. Modern technology is the key element for the change of lifestyle loosing the moral value. Man abuses on computer in all fields. They are lack of face- face communication and therefore the distance between the generations becomes farther. the old people feel lonely at home and far from their off springs who are too busy with computers. Thus, the stability of family are being broken day after day. In addition, energetic and meaningful lifestyle is being replaces by wasteful hours in front of computers. Man becomes lazy and isolated from their surroundings. In conclusion. similar to everything. modern technology has both advantages and drawbacks. I personally think that it depends on how we use the modern tools. People should aware of technologys role to solve its bad effects Today, Americans are faced with the increasing change of technology in our everyday life. Sometimes the change happens and we do not realize how it affects our lives. I think it is always a good idea to talk to someone that is older than yourself, like your grandparents to remind you of the times in their younger years. Hopefully, that will open your eyes to the changes we face in this generation and the generation to come. In this chapter, the author explores the relationship of changing technology to changes in both the environment and social institutions.

Military Essay -- essays research papers

Thank God for our military A Soldier, a Sailor an Airman and a Marine got into an argument about which service was the greatest. The arguing became so heated that they eventually ended up killing each other. Soon, they found themselves at the Pearly Gates of Heaven They meet St Peter and decided that only he would be the ultimate source of truth and honesty, so they osked him: "St Peter which branch of the American Armed Forces is the best?" St. Peter instantly replied: "I can't answer that. But I will ask God what he thinks next time I see him. Some time later, the four saw St. Peter again and reminded him of the question and asked if he was able to get an answer. Suddenly a sparkling white dove landed on St. Peter's shoulder. In the dove's beak is a note guilded with gold dust. St. Peter says to the four men, "Your answer from the Boss. Let's see what he says." St. Peter opens the note. Trumpets blare and gold dust drifts into the air. Harps play crescendos and St. Peter begins to re ad the note aloud to the four young men: MEMORANDUM TO SOLDIERS, SAILORS, AIRMEN AND MARINES SUBJECT: Best branch of the United States Armed Services Gentlemen, All the branches of the Armed Services are Honorable and Noble. Being a member of the Armed Forces represents a special calling warranting special respect, tribute and dedication. Each of you has served his country well, with distinction, and beyond the call of duty. Be proud of what you have accomplished. very respectfully, GOD United States Air Force (Retired) I want to be like Jesus After dinner, a six- and a four-year-old were fighting over who would get the last cookie. Back and forth they went, "GIMME!" "NO, IT'S MINE!" Finally, the dad said, "Paul and John, listen to me. If Jesus were in this situation, he would say to the other one, 'You take the last cookie, because I love you'." The older one thought about it, then responded, "O.K. John, you be Jesus." Oh-Man A man was stranded on the proverbial deserted Pacific island for years. Finally, one day, a boat comes sailing into view, and the man frantically waves and draws the skipper's attention. The boat comes near the island and the sailor gets out and greets the stranded man. After a while the sailor notices three huts and asks if there is anyone else on the island. "No", rep... ...ot; and gave it a press. Then the three-year-old yelled with glee, "NOW, WUN LIKE THE DICKENS!" Code of Silence Brother John entered the 'Monastery of Silence' and the Chief Priest said, "Brother, this is a silent monastery, you are welcome here as long as you like, but you may not speak until I direct you to do so." Brother John lived in the monastery for a full year before the Chief Priest said to him: "Brother John, you have been here a year now, you may speak two words." Brother John said, "Hard Bed." "I'm sorry to hear that" the Chief Priest said. "We will get you a better bed." The next year, Brother John was called by the Chief Priest. "You may say another two words Brother John." "Cold Food." said Brother John, and the Chief Priest assured him that the food would be better in the future. On his third anniversary at the monastery, the Chief Priest again called Brother John into his office. "Two words you may say today." "I Quit." said Brother John. "It is probably for the best." said the Chief Priest. "All you have done since you got here is complain."

Importance of good leadership for a business Essay

Leadership is the process by which an individual influences, motivates and controls the behaviour of others towards a specific set of objectives. Leadership is the composite of abilities and characteristics of an individual leader of the environment in which he operates and of the relationship developed between the leader and the led. It is very important to have good leadership for a business to succeed as employees will only follow a good leader and respond positively towards their direction. A good leader will have ability to obtain the highest quality from subordinates that they have the capacity to render. True leadership is a positive force, based on cooperation and mutual trust. A poor leader will often fail to win over staff and have problems communicating with workers. Leadership style is the way a manager takes decisions and deals with the staff. An effective leadership style is one that best compliments the organizational environment, the task to be accomplished and the pe rsonal characteristics of the people involved. There are several types of leadership styles, which are autocratic, democratic, paternalistic and laissez-faire. Body: Explanation on Autocratic style, Democratic Style, Laissez-faire and paternalistic style. The autocratic Leaders is authoritarian and assume respect for all aspect of operation. Communication is one-way with little as no scope of feedback. With autocratic style, we can identify the dictators who demand total compliances from the work-force. He demotivate staff and create frustration and fears. The work group depend on the leader and will be unable to act independently. However, the autocratic style seems efficient and essential in some situation such as police force. There is clearly chain of command with no ambiguity and so autocratic leadership produces quick decision. The democratic leader seeks the opinion of subordinates before taking final decision. However, they retain ultimate responsibilities for decision making. It is especially appropriate where experience workers need to be fully involve in their work. Participation of subordinate’s results in improve decision making, higher moral and more motivated. But consultation is time consuming and may delay acti vities. There is always the danger of losing management control and attempt to evade responsibilities. Under  Laissez-faire style leadership, group members have total freedom. The leader set down all objectives and the subordinates have clear parameters within which they should work. Once objectives have been set, subordinates are left alone to achieve objectives. This style of leadership works fine when subordinates are willing and able to accept responsibility. Under such style of management, success depend on the competence and integrity of subordinates. But workers are motivated to work. A paternalistic management style is a form of management whereby managers pay more attention to the social aspects of their employees; they are concerned with keeping them happy and motivated, and act as a sort of father figure to the employees. In such a management style, decisions are made with the best interests of the workers at heart. Conclusion: Importance of leadership Leadership is therefore crucial in motivating and inspiring the workforce so that they perform the assign task willingly and in an efficient and effective manner. Thus leadership is concern of influencing others to achieve aims and objectives. Management and leadership skills are needed in every industry and every walk of life. It is essential therefore for new managers to be provided with opportunities to learn how to manage and lead people.

John Locke : Second Treaties of Government Essay

John Locke was born on August 29, 1632 in England to a middle class family. He was named after his father, an educated attorney who had participated in the Civil War with the Long Parliamentary. Locke shared a great deal of affection and respect for his father. The relationship he built with his father influenced him to create his own views on education and government. His theory on education was published in 1693 titled, â€Å"Some Thoughts Concerning Education. † Locke was accepted to Christ Church College, Oxford due to father’s friendship with a member of the Long Parliament. The Long Parliment was known to challenge the monarchy in England at the time and later started the English Civil War. Locke attended Oxford for many years studying the curriculum in England and graduated with a Masters in 1658, pursuing his interests in arts. Later he became increasingly interested in the study of sciences including the study of medicine, which were on the rise in England Universities at the time. His interests in science continued to expand and he continued to apply himself to the study of medicine. While studying medicine Locke became interested in the philosophical questions of his time, including the rights of man. The rights of man deal with the powers of government to wit, government by the king through a monarchy and the power of the people through a social contract. Since 1660 Locke began to explore his interest in the natural law. Within the next couple of years he composed â€Å"Essays on the Law of Nature† written in Latin. Unfortunately for Locke his Essays were never published, these theories of law were based on two of his philosophies. First, â€Å"in order that anyone may understand that he is bound by a law, he must know before hand that there is a law. † Secondly, â€Å"there is some will on the part of that superior power, the law maker, who wishes that we do this and demands of us that the conduct of our life should be in accordance with his will. † Locke’s interest in science and medicine brought him into contact with a distinguished scientist named Robert Boyle. In 1667, Locke took a position at Lord Ashley’s household in London as a family physician, in addition to confidential advisor and secretary. In 1668, Locke assisted Lord Ashley in drafting a constitution for the colony of Carolina. In 1671, Locke began to write his greatest work, the â€Å"Essay Concerning Human Understanding. † This took nearly twenty years to complete. Since then he was deeply engaged in Shaftesbury’s political affairs as Secretary of Council a position he obtained while being a secretary for Shaftesbury. In 1675, Locke became ill and lost his position working for Shaftesbury. Due to unstable government conditions Shaftesbury fell from power and Locke was forced to leave England, choosing to recuperate in France. He spent nearly four years in Paris and Montpellier studying at medical school. During his exile in France Locke also took the time to develop his thoughts on Natural Law by composing, Two Treaties of Government. His writings deal with the development of a social contract, which is an agreement between the government and the governed. Locke later returned to England in 1679, he once again committed himself to offer services for Lord Ashley immediately upon his return to England. Four years later it was necessary for Lord Ashley to flee from England to Holland because he had supported the wrong leader during the Monmouth rebellion in 1685. Shortly after Ashley fled from England, Locke followed him and remained in Holland until the Revolution of 1688. Upon returning to England, Locke began to rapidly issue a number of his works he concluded while in Holland, the result of years of study and meditation. Among his works were the, Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Two Treatises of Government, and Letters on Toleration. His positive outlook on the importance of a mutual relationship between government and human nature, exerted an immediate and profound influence on the English. Locke’s views were immediately recognized among the English specifically his work on the Two Treatises of Government. Locke’s essay was written in such a way, to elaborate in detail about topics the people were already familiar with. Even the most uneducated candidate could recognize his premise on the philosophical views on government. Two Treatises of Government includes essays supporting the natural rights of society which guarantees our rights to life, liberty, and property. The term right, can be defined as a privilege or power, meaning a freedom or ability to do or refrain from doing something. Natural Rights, specifically emphasize the restraints that ought to exist on government with respect to individuals. This includes what a government must refrain from doing and what a government must do. In Locke’s Second Treaties of Government he discusses the natural liberty and equality of humans, which includes our natural rights to life, liberty, and property. He also determines the proper foundation of a legitimate government. Through supporting and insisting on the mutual consent given by the people of a specific society. Locke’s Theory of Natural Law was based on the moral laws societies are built on, including the establishment of peace and protection so that â€Å"no one will harm another person in their life, liberty, or possession. † Preservation of peace, equality, and independence among all people begins with, the power placed on people in a given society to obey the common laws of nature. When these powers being to get corrupted or not enforced through strict, certain, and fair punishment. The need for an elected and coherent government is required to properly secure the natural rights of peace and self preservation among a society. Locke then begins to explain to us the â€Å"natural state of man. † He describes that living among a state of nature, people in a society have the freedom to do as they please, with limitations and respects to other people. Locke states that this â€Å"state of liberty,† comes with the limitations so not â€Å"to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions. † Locke also notes that, â€Å"all men may be restrained from invading others rights and from doing hurt to one another. † By saying this he is trying to define the equalities of man and their duties to each other in a community to live in peace. If for any reason there becomes the need to seek punishment for anyone who â€Å"has shown themselves dangerous to mankind. † Through an executive power there will be opportunities available to man, not only to receive reparation for damages but to do as necessary to â€Å"secure the innocent for the future. † Locke’s theory on the â€Å"natural liberty† of man holds that â€Å"man is to be free from any superior power. † This means that for a person in a society, no other power but his own ability to do and refrain from doing is within his own will. Any limitation which requires to be placed on a behavior that is part of the natural common code of conduct, must be established through consent by the legislative power of government and for the good of all the people among the community. Locke claims that the â€Å"natural liberty of man is to be free from any superior power† and to have â€Å"only the law of nature for his rule. † This means that the laws which exist are established for the people and by the people in a society. They are created for coexistence among one another and no one can enforce or take away this common practice. These natural laws were created for the good of everyone, so the people who perform up to these standards gave trust that the enacted and enforced laws will prevail on their behalf. Locke then explains the â€Å"origins of property. † He begins by confirming that although man does have a power and liberty over his life. He does not have power to dispose of his own life. In a brief statement Locke states, â€Å"Man has property in his own person† including â€Å"the labor of his body and the work of his hands. † By saying this Locke expresses his views on human nature and our ability to acquire property. He is saying that we are all property acquiring beings, and our claim or possession to this property derives from our physical work. We as individuals in a society attempt to put effort to obtain something we value, and create an appreciation for what we have through labor. So in a sense the labor of man, according to Locke is the source of all value. The amount of labor one puts into what he owns creates an appreciation of value because value is created through his labor. Since the creation of physical currency, paper money and coins, we in a society attempt to posses more property than we need to use. So people in a community are not guaranteed secure protection from this excess property. In order to protect our property and secure this right, Locke believes an elected government is needed to be established. With the consent of the people, the elected government takes responsibility to become the sole protector of their valuables. Locke’s political and legal thoughts on government created a justifiable pourpose for society to give power over to a elected ruler. First of all the â€Å"state of nature,† as described by Locke, is a society in which each man governs himself individually and there is no existence of a specific government rule. A society that lives by these laws can use their own cultural morals to govern themselves without a formal government, although every culture has their own interpretation of what is moral. Locke states otherwise in his writings in the Second Treaties of Government, to argue that an elected government by society is necessary. Thomas Jefferson later includes parts of Locke’s political philosophy when composing the Declaration of Independence. Based entirely on Locke’s theory of natural political equality, Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence became one of the most important and influential documents that created a foundation for the legislative branch of government. Locke’s focus is primarily based on the ideas of freedom and equality as a whole he believes that society should naturally possess the right to life liberty and property. These natural rights have derived from the law of nature, which are composed based on the laws of God. These laws are also known as moral laws. Locke believed that people that live in a state of nature are also living in a state of war. Since there is only the state of nature for their rule, there is no determination of what is considered equality and who has the power to balance peace. John Locke’s Two Treatise of Government also includes a definition of government, in which the people conform to the law or to rules which are entered based on logic or justification. In relation to members of society conforming to these laws, the same government must guarantee protection from taking away any of their natural rights. Locke’s view on valid government is one that confirms and supports three main natural laws of life, liberty and property. In defining political power, Locke insists that it is proper to make laws â€Å"for the regulating and preserving of property,† and adds, that it is necessary for, â€Å"the execution of such laws in the defense of the common-wealth from foreign injury. † By saying this Locke supports and confirms that an established government is needed â€Å"for the public good. † Locke explains that â€Å"the reason why men enter into society, is the preservation of their property. â€Å" He adds that the citizens of a new established government â€Å"have a right to resume their original liberty ?by the establishment of a new legislative,† when any natural rights are threatened. Locke then continues to describe the separation between the powers of government and the powers of the governed. Including what creates a community under an elected government and who determines what political actions are for the good of the entire society. This is explained further when Locke says â€Å"for when any number of men have, by the consent of every individual, made a community, they have thereby made that community one body, with a power to act as one body, which is only by the will and determination of the majority. † When entering into a established society we assume our rights to enjoy our property in peace and safety. In order to be given this opportunity, Locke believes it is first necessary to establish a Legislative power for the good of all members of a society. The legislative power is to promote and guarantee preservation of all natural rights including safety for every person among the society. This legislative power thought does not have an absolute power, instead the power is offered based on the decisions as a majority given by the members in that society. This procedure is used so that any laws created will become an obligation on the members to cooperate with them because they have consented to a legislative power. This separates a government rule with supreme power from government rule by the power of the people. Since this power is created through consideration of the common wealth of the public good. Locke’s perception of a monarchy consisted of the idea that the people of a community experienced corruption due to absolute power given to one leader, the king. This lead to vicious rule and caused the people in the society to be force to live in conditions they did not deserve. In a monarchy the king would normally use his own judgments and digression to use his appointed power for the good of himself. This results in oppressing the people and leaving no opportunity to compromise the need for change. Under a monarchy rule there was an insufficient opportunity to dispute any privileges or restrictions. Enforcing laws or withholding natural rights under a monarchy rule hold no limitations because there is no restraint on the ruling of the king. By granting the powers of government in one person this will not guarantee a fair and honest approach for the common good. So Locke attempts to discuss and examine a system that will refrain from granting the powers of government to strictly one individual. Limitation and separation of powers of the government will restrain and prevent members of government from abusing the powers of governing a society. Establishing a government through the consent of all members of society will create trust that the laws and sanctions will prevail for the common good. Locke then explains that when being born into an established government we assume our rights to enjoy our property in peace and safety. In order to be given equal opportunity to enjoy our natural rights, Locke believes it is first necessary to establish a legislative power that will consider all members of a society. The creation of a legislative power is to promote and guarantee preservation of all natural rights including safety for every person who is a participant of that community. Most of John Locke’s writing also focuses on two branches of government known as the legislative and executive power. These branches of government are based on a constitutional state, where one leader does not have the authority to absolute power. The Legislative branch of government has the function of making laws. The Executive branch has the responsibility to carry out those laws created by the Legislative branch. This is to ensure that an elected government does not use only his own digressions when establishing laws and enforcing them. Locke states that by separating the authority and responsibilities of government into two separate branches, is the first positive approach of creating a valid constitution. These powers are required to be handled for the good of all members in society, by separating these powers there is no chance that the government will become corrupted. The purpose of John Locke’s composed writings attempt to encourage the need for a government which creates a foundation for the good of all members of society. In the process of offering order and peace for the common good of all the people members of the society must follow these rules. To establish a successful government Locke believes that it is necessary to obtain consent from the entire member. The purpose of creating a specific government is due to the unstable conditions of living in a state of nature. Living in a state of nature guarantees natural rights and freedom but not safety. This is why a power needs to be placed in the hands of a member from society to maintain the peace. Although living in society like a monarchy, under the ruling of a king can create unbalance and corruption of power. To enjoy both natural rights and live under a government that will prevail on behalf of its members. Following the establishment of government Locke then explains that the powers of making laws and enforcing them cannot be placed on one person. Placing absolute power in the hands of one person will only lead to corruption and unbalance, between all the members in the society. For this reason Locke requires a separation of powers among all government activity. This will balance and maintain a system that will stabilized living conditions for all the members of society. REFRENCES: Christie C. George, Martin H. Patrick. (1995). Jurisprudence; Text & Readings on the Philosophy of Law (3rd Edition). Natural Rights, Human Rights: John Locke (pgs 284 -342). 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